hibernate进二阶之理解二级缓存

Hibernate提供了基于应用程序级别(进程)的缓存， 可以跨多个session，即不同的session都可以访问缓存数据。 这个换存也叫二级缓存。

Hibernate提供的二级缓存有默认的实现，且是一种可插配的缓存框架！如果用户想用二级缓存，只需要在hibernate.cfg.xml中配置即可； 不想用，直接移除，不影响代码。

hibernate.cfg.xml

<!--****************** 【二级缓存配置】****************** -->
		<!-- a.  开启二级缓存 -->
		<property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">false</property> <!--未开启情况-->
		<!-- b. 指定使用哪一个缓存框架(默认提供的实现) -->
		<property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.HashtableCacheProvider</property>
		<!-- 开启查询缓存,放在class代码之前 -->
		<property name="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache">true</property>
		<!-- c. 指定哪一些类，需要加入二级缓存,一般在总配置中写，便于维护 -->
		<class-cache usage="read-write" class="cn.itcast.b_second_cache.Dept"/>
		<class-cache usage="read-only" class="cn.itcast.b_second_cache.Employee"/>
		<!-- 集合缓存[集合缓存的元素对象，也加加入二级缓存] -->
		<collection-cache usage="read-write" collection="cn.itcast.b_second_cache.Dept.emps"/>

Dept.java

package cn.itcast.b_second_cache;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Dept {

	private int deptId;
	private String deptName;
	// 【一对多】 部门对应的多个员工
	private Set<Employee> emps = new HashSet<Employee>();

	public Dept(int deptId, String deptName) {
		super();
		this.deptId = deptId;
		this.deptName = deptName;
	}
	public Dept() {
		super();
	}
	public int getDeptId() {
		return deptId;
	}
	public void setDeptId(int deptId) {
		this.deptId = deptId;
	}
	public String getDeptName() {
		return deptName;
	}
	public void setDeptName(String deptName) {
		this.deptName = deptName;
	}
	public Set<Employee> getEmps() {
		return emps;
	}
	public void setEmps(Set<Employee> emps) {
		this.emps = emps;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Dept [deptId=" + deptId + ", deptName=" + deptName + "]";
	}

}

Employee.java

package cn.itcast.b_second_cache;

public class Employee {

	private int empId;
	private String empName;
	private double salary;
	// 【多对一】员工与部门
	private Dept dept;;
	
	
	public int getEmpId() {
		return empId;
	}
	public void setEmpId(int empId) {
		this.empId = empId;
	}
	public String getEmpName() {
		return empName;
	}
	public void setEmpName(String empName) {
		this.empName = empName;
	}
	public double getSalary() {
		return salary;
	}
	public void setSalary(double salary) {
		this.salary = salary;
	}
	public Dept getDept() {
		return dept;
	}
	public void setDept(Dept dept) {
		this.dept = dept;
	}
}

Dept.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="cn.itcast.b_second_cache">
	
	<class name="Dept" table="t_dept" >
		<id name="deptId">
			<generator class="native"></generator>
		</id>	
		<property name="deptName" length="20"></property>
		 <set name="emps">
		 	 <key column="dept_id"></key>
		 	 <one-to-many class="Employee"/>
		 </set>
	</class>
	
	<!-- 存放sql语句 -->
	<query name="getAllDept">
		<![CDATA[
			from Dept d where deptId < ?
		]]>
		
	</query>
</hibernate-mapping>

Employee.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="cn.itcast.b_second_cache">
	
	<class name="Employee" table="t_employee">
		<id name="empId">
			<generator class="native"></generator>
		</id>	
		<property name="empName" length="20"></property>
		<property name="salary" type="double"></property>
		
		<many-to-one name="dept" column="dept_id" class="Dept"></many-to-one>
		 
	</class>
	

</hibernate-mapping>

App.java

public class App {
	
	private static SessionFactory sf;
	static {
		sf = new Configuration()
			.configure()
			.addClass(Dept.class)   
			.addClass(Employee.class)   // 测试时候使用
			.buildSessionFactory();
	}
	
	// 1. 测试二级缓存的使用
	// 没有/有用 二级缓存
	@Test
	public void testCache() {
		Session session1 = sf.openSession();
		session1.beginTransaction();
		// a. 查询一次
		Dept dept = (Dept) session1.get(Dept.class, 3);
		dept.getEmps().size();// 集合
		session1.getTransaction().commit();
		session1.close();
		System.out.println("------");
		// 第二个session
		Session session2 = sf.openSession();
		session2.beginTransaction();
		// a. 查询一次
		dept = (Dept) session2.get(Dept.class, 3);  // 二级缓存配置好； 这里不查询数据库
		//dept.setDeptName("市场行政部");
		dept.getEmps().size();
		session2.getTransaction().commit();
		session2.close();
	}
	
}	

二级缓存未配置sql查询情况：

Hibernate: select dept0_.deptId as deptId0_0_, dept0_.deptName as deptName0_0_ from t_dept dept0_ where dept0_.deptId=?
Hibernate: select emps0_.dept_id as dept4_0_1_, emps0_.empId as empId1_, emps0_.empId as empId1_0_, emps0_.empName as empName1_0_, emps0_.salary as salary1_0_, emps0_.dept_id as dept4_1_0_ from t_employee emps0_ where emps0_.dept_id=?
------
Hibernate: select dept0_.deptId as deptId0_0_, dept0_.deptName as deptName0_0_ from t_dept dept0_ where dept0_.deptId=?
Hibernate: select emps0_.dept_id as dept4_0_1_, emps0_.empId as empId1_, emps0_.empId as empId1_0_, emps0_.empName as empName1_0_, emps0_.salary as salary1_0_, emps0_.dept_id as dept4_1_0_ from t_employee emps0_ where emps0_.dept_id=?

<!--****************** 【二级缓存配置】****************** -->
<!-- a.  开启二级缓存 -->
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">true</property> 

二级缓存配置sql查询情况：

Hibernate: select dept0_.deptId as deptId0_0_, dept0_.deptName as deptName0_0_ from t_dept dept0_ where dept0_.deptId=?
Hibernate: select emps0_.dept_id as dept4_0_1_, emps0_.empId as empId1_, emps0_.empId as empId1_0_, emps0_.empName as empName1_0_, emps0_.salary as salary1_0_, emps0_.dept_id as dept4_1_0_ from t_employee emps0_ where emps0_.dept_id=?
------