Linux环境配置supervisord管理进程

一、介绍

Supervisor是用Python开发的一个client/server服务,是Linux/Unix系统下的一个进程管理工具,不支持Windows系统。它可以很方便的监听、启动、停止、重启一个或多个进程。用Supervisor管理的进程,当一个进程意外被杀死,supervisort监听到进程死后,会自动将它重新拉起,很方便的做到进程自动恢复的功能,不再需要自己写shell脚本来控制。

遇到的问题:我上位机跑python多进程有时出现突然卡死情况,FZ3A插上网线进程又恢复。完全搞不明白,所以试一下Supervisor,监听重启多进程。

二、安装

下载最新的supervisor安装包:https://pypi.python.org/pypi/supervisor

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/7b/17/88adf8cb25f80e2bc0d18e094fcd7ab300632ea00b601cbbbb84c2419eae/supervisor-3.3.2.tar.gz

tar -zxvf supervisor-3.3.2.tar.gz

cd supervisor-3.3.2

python setup.py install

Tips:错误1:ImportError: No module named setuptools

## 下载pip
wget https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c2/f7/c7b501b783e5a74cf1768bc174ee4fb0a8a6ee5af6afa92274ff964703e0/setuptools-40.8.0.zip
unzip setuptools-40.8.0.zip
cd setuptools-40.8.0
python setup.py install

Tips:错误2:error: Could not find suitable distribution for Requirement.parse(‘meld3>=0.6.5‘),安装meld扩展

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/45/a0/317c6422b26c12fe0161e936fc35f36552069ba8e6f7ecbd99bbffe32a5f/meld3-1.0.2.tar.gz#md5=3ccc78cd79cffd63a751ad7684c02c91
tar zxvf meld3-1.0.2.tar.gz
cd meld3-1.0.2
python setup.py install

三、配置

1.生成配置文件supervisord.conf

echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf

2.配置supervisord.conf文件

(1)打开配置文件

vim /etc/supervisord.conf

(2)在配置文件底部,配置include

[include]
files=/etc/supervisor/*.conf
  • 注意如果这里前面有“;”,去掉“;”
  • /etc/supervisor这个文件如果不存在,先mkdir这个文件

(3)配置子进程文件

cd /etc/supervisor
vim baidu.conf # 这里的文件名称自定义,不影响

(4)往子进程配置文件中加入以下内容

[program:baidu]
command=/bin/bash -c ". /home/root/workspace/baidu/code/search.sh [run.py](http://run.py/)"
directory=/home/root/workspace/baidu/code
user=root
autorestart=true
redirect_stderr=true
startsecs=10
stopsignal=KILL
killasgroup=true
stopasgroup=true
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=10MB
stdout_logfile_backups=2
stderr_logfile_maxbytes=10MB
stderr_logfile_backups=2
stderr_logfile=/home/root/workspace/baidu/log/baidu_error.log
stdout_logfile=/home/root/workspace/baidu/log/baidu_out.log
loglevel=info

子进程配置详解

- command:启动程序使用的命令,可以是绝对路径或者相对路径
- process_name:一个python字符串表达式,用来表示supervisor进程启动的这个的名称,默认值是%(program_name)s
- numprocs:Supervisor启动这个程序的多个实例,如果numprocs>1,则process_name的表达式必须包含%(process_num)s,默认是1
- numprocs_start:一个int偏移值,当启动实例的时候用来计算numprocs的值
- priority:权重,可以控制程序启动和关闭时的顺序,权重越低:越早启动,越晚关闭。默认值是999
- autostart:如果设置为true,当supervisord启动的时候,进程会自动重启。
- autorestart:值可以是false、true、unexpected。false:进程不会自动重启,unexpected:当程序退出时的退出码不是exitcodes中定义的时,进程会重启,true:进程会无条件重启当退出的时候。
- startsecs:程序启动后等待多长时间后才认为程序启动成功
- startretries:supervisord尝试启动一个程序时尝试的次数。默认是3
- exitcodes:一个预期的退出返回码,默认是0,2。
- stopsignal:当收到stop请求的时候,发送信号给程序,默认是TERM信号,也可以是 HUP, INT, QUIT, KILL, USR1, or USR2。
- stopwaitsecs:在操作系统给supervisord发送SIGCHILD信号时等待的时间
- stopasgroup:如果设置为true,则会使supervisor发送停止信号到整个进程组
- killasgroup:如果设置为true,则在给程序发送SIGKILL信号的时候,会发送到整个进程组,它的子进程也会受到影响。
- user:如果supervisord以root运行,则会使用这个设置用户启动子程序
- redirect_stderr:如果设置为true,进程则会把标准错误输出到supervisord后台的标准输出文件描述符。
- stdout_logfile:把进程的标准输出写入文件中,如果stdout_logfile没有设置或者设置为AUTO,则supervisor会自动选择一个文件位置。
- stdout_logfile_maxbytes:标准输出log文件达到多少后自动进行轮转,单位是KB、MB、GB。如果设置为0则表示不限制日志文件大小
- stdout_logfile_backups:标准输出日志轮转备份的数量,默认是10,如果设置为0,则不备份
- stdout_capture_maxbytes:当进程处于stderr capture mode模式的时候,写入FIFO队列的最大bytes值,单位可以是KB、MB、GB
- stdout_events_enabled:如果设置为true,当进程在写它的stderr到文件描述符的时候,PROCESS_LOG_STDERR事件会被触发
- stderr_logfile:把进程的错误日志输出一个文件中,除非redirect_stderr参数被设置为true
- stderr_logfile_maxbytes:错误log文件达到多少后自动进行轮转,单位是KB、MB、GB。如果设置为0则表示不限制日志文件大小
- stderr_logfile_backups:错误日志轮转备份的数量,默认是10,如果设置为0,则不备份
- stderr_capture_maxbytes:当进程处于stderr capture mode模式的时候,写入FIFO队列的最大bytes值,单位可以是KB、MB、GB
- stderr_events_enabled:如果设置为true,当进程在写它的stderr到文件描述符的时候,PROCESS_LOG_STDERR事件会被触发
- environment:一个k/v对的list列表
- directory:supervisord在生成子进程的时候会切换到该目录
- umask:设置进程的umask
- serverurl:是否允许子进程和内部的HTTP服务通讯,如果设置为AUTO,supervisor会自动的构造一个url
  1. 先解释一下command参数和directory参数:command存放的是进程启动的脚本命令,directory存放的是该进程的具体代码路径
  2. 再解释下numprocs参数:

根据网上说法:当同一个脚本,希望启动多个守护进程时。

背景:一台消费者服务器,同一消费者脚本,希望开启多个进程,(多个消费者,消费)需要增加两个参数:

process_name=%(program_name)s_%(process_num)02d              ;多进程名称肯定不能相同,匹配多个
numprocs=4                                                   ;启动N个进程

这样系统会自动分配四个进程的名称

我自己的代码是一条command命令,启动四个不同的进程,我一开始打算用numprocs这种方法,但是top下来发现,这样好像是把一条command命令执行四次,也就是我启动了16个进程。我不懂,选择放弃,这里numprocs 还是设为1。发现也能跑。

(5)更新配置文件

supervisorctl update 

update后进程自动启动

(6)服务启动

supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf

四、supervisorctl指令

supervisord : 启动supervisor

supervisorctl reload :修改完配置文件后重新启动supervisor

supervisorctl status :查看supervisor监管的进程状态

supervisorctl start all | 进程名 :启动全部或某进程

supervisorctl stop all | 进程名 :停止全部或某进程

supervisorctl stop all:停止进程,注:start、restart、stop都不会载入最新的配置文件。

supervisorctl update:根据最新的配置文件,启动新配置或有改动的进程,配置没有改动的进程不会受影响而重启

常见问题

  • error:class ‘socket.error’ [Errno 2] No such file or directory: file: /usr/lib64/python2.7/socke

问题描述:supervisor 配置完毕,使用supervisorctl reload 和supervisorctl update 启动时候报错

解决办法:

/usr/bin/python2 /usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf

五、supervisor设置开机自启动

方法一:service方法

这里不多做介绍,需要service包,试了一下,FA3A没有,就懒得搞了

方法二:在/etc/init.d创脚本文件设置自启动

(1)创建/etc/init.d/supervisord文件

**#创建/etc/init.d/supervisord文件
vim  /etc/init.d/supervisord**

(2)编写脚本文件内容

#!/bin/bash
#
# supervisord   This scripts turns supervisord on
#
# chkconfig:    - 95 04
#
# description:  supervisor is a process control utility.  It has a web based
#               xmlrpc interface as well as a few other nifty features.
# processname:  supervisord
# config: /etc/supervisord.conf
# pidfile: /var/lib/supervisor/supervisord.pid

# source function library
. /etc/init.d/functions

RETVAL=0
PIDFILE=/var/lib/supervisor/supervisord.pid

start() {
    echo -n $"Starting supervisord: "
    **nohup /usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf &**
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/supervisord
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping supervisord: "
    killproc -p $PIDFILE supervisord
    echo
    [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/supervisord
}

restart() {
    stop
    start
}

case "$1" in
  start)
    start
    ;;
  stop)
    stop
    ;;
  restart|force-reload|reload)
    restart
    ;;
  condrestart)
    [ -f /var/lock/subsys/supervisord ] && restart
    ;;
  status)
    status -p $PIDFILE supervisord
    RETVAL=$?
    ;;
  *)
    echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|reload|force-reload|condrestart}"
    exit 1
esac

exit $RETVAL

(3)设置为服务,如下的方法

chmod +x /etc/init.d/supervisord
chkconfig --add supervisord
chkconfig supervisord on

————————————————分割线—————————————————

ok,到这里我以为配置完成结束,万事大吉。

没想到这里才是恶心,自启动后发现,supervisord没有自启动。查一下发现问题。

掉电重启报错:

unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock no such file

原因是 supervisor 默认配置会把 socket 文件和 pid 守护进程生成在Linux的/tmp/目录下,/tmp/目录是缓存临时文件的目录,Linux会根据不同情况自动删除其下面的文件。

“unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock no such file“ 错误解决方案_U.R.M.L的博客-CSDN博客

根据网上建议,一般把文件放到/var/run目录下就行了,测试一下,结果发现还是临时文件,还是会被删除。

经过检验发现,发到/var/lib下就行了。下面是具体方法:

(1)更改supervisord.conf文件

vi /etc/supervisord.conf

修改下面四个地址

[unix_http_server]
;file=/tmp/supervisor.sock   ; (the path to the socket file)
file=/var/lib/supervisor/supervisord.sock   ; 修改为 /var/lib 目录,避免被系统删除
[supervisord]
;logfile=/tmp/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log)
logfile=/var/lib/supervisor/supervisord.log ; 修改为 /var/log 目录,避免被系统删除
pidfile=/var/lib/supervisor/supervisord.pid ; 修改为 /var/lib 目录,避免被系统删除
[supervisorctl]
; 必须和'unix_http_server'里面的设定匹配
;serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL  for a unix socket
serverurl=unix:///var/lib/supervisor/supervisord.sock ; 修改为 /var/lib 目录,避免被系统删除

(2)创建supervisord.sock文件

cd /var/lib
mkdir supervisor
touch supervisord.sock
chmod 777 supervisord.sock

(3)更新配置文件

supervisorctl update

至此就可以了,socket 文件 supervisor.sock 和守护进程 supervisord.pid 两个文件放在/var/lib/supervisor/下面,log 文件 supervisord.log 也放在/var/lib/supervisor/下面。

以下是我的实例:

; Sample supervisor config file.
;
; For more information on the config file, please see:
; http://supervisord.org/configuration.html
;
; Notes:
;  - Shell expansion ("~" or "$HOME") is not supported.  Environment
;    variables can be expanded using this syntax: "%(ENV_HOME)s".
;  - Quotes around values are not supported, except in the case of
;    the environment= options as shown below.
;  - Comments must have a leading space: "a=b ;comment" not "a=b;comment".
;  - Command will be truncated if it looks like a config file comment, e.g.
;    "command=bash -c 'foo ; bar'" will truncate to "command=bash -c 'foo ".

[unix_http_server]
file=/var/lib/supervisor/supervisord.sock   ; the path to the socket file
;chmod=0700                 ; socket file mode (default 0700)
;chown=nobody:nogroup       ; socket file uid:gid owner
;username=user              ; default is no username (open server)
;password=123               ; default is no password (open server)

;[inet_http_server]         ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default
;port=127.0.0.1:9001        ; ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface
;username=user              ; default is no username (open server)
;password=123               ; default is no password (open server)

[supervisord]
logfile=/var/lib/supervisor/supervisord.log ; main log file; default $CWD/supervisord.log
logfile_maxbytes=50MB        ; max main logfile bytes b4 rotation; default 50MB
logfile_backups=10           ; # of main logfile backups; 0 means none, default 10
loglevel=info                ; log level; default info; others: debug,warn,trac
pidfile=/var/lib/supervisor/supervisord.pid ; supervisord pidfile; default supervisord.pid
nodaemon=false               ; start in foreground if true; default false
minfds=1024                  ; min. avail startup file descriptors; default 1024
minprocs=200                 ; min. avail process descriptors;default 200
;umask=022                   ; process file creation umask; default 022
;user=chrism                 ; default is current user, required if root
;identifier=supervisor       ; supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor'
;directory=/tmp              ; default is not to cd during start
;nocleanup=true              ; don't clean up tempfiles at start; default false
;childlogdir=/tmp            ; 'AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP
;environment=KEY="value"     ; key value pairs to add to environment
;strip_ansi=false            ; strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false

; The rpcinterface:supervisor section must remain in the config file for
; RPC (supervisorctl/web interface) to work.  Additional interfaces may be
; added by defining them in separate [rpcinterface:x] sections.

[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface

; The supervisorctl section configures how supervisorctl will connect to
; supervisord.  configure it match the settings in either the unix_http_server
; or inet_http_server section.

[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///var/lib/supervisor/supervisord.sock ; use a unix:// URL  for a unix socket
;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket
;username=chris              ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set
;password=123                ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set
;prompt=mysupervisor         ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor")
;history_file=~/.sc_history  ; use readline history if available

; The sample program section below shows all possible program subsection values.
; Create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under
; supervisor.

;[program:theprogramname]
;command=/bin/cat              ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1                    ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;directory=/tmp                ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022                     ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=999                  ; the relative start priority (default 999)
;autostart=true                ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1                   ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3                ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected        ; when to restart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2                 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT               ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10               ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false             ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false             ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism                   ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=true          ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
;stdout_logfile=/a/path        ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB   ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stdout_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path        ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB   ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stderr_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2"       ; process environment additions (def no adds)
;serverurl=AUTO                ; override serverurl computation (childutils)

; The sample eventlistener section below shows all possible eventlistener
; subsection values.  Create one or more 'real' eventlistener: sections to be
; able to handle event notifications sent by supervisord.

;[eventlistener:theeventlistenername]
;command=/bin/eventlistener    ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1                    ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;events=EVENT                  ; event notif. types to subscribe to (req'd)
;buffer_size=10                ; event buffer queue size (default 10)
;directory=/tmp                ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022                     ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=-1                   ; the relative start priority (default -1)
;autostart=true                ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1                   ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3                ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected        ; autorestart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2                 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT               ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10               ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false             ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false             ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism                   ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=false         ; redirect_stderr=true is not allowed for eventlisteners
;stdout_logfile=/a/path        ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path        ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2"       ; process environment additions
;serverurl=AUTO                ; override serverurl computation (childutils)

; The sample group section below shows all possible group values.  Create one
; or more 'real' group: sections to create "heterogeneous" process groups.

;[group:thegroupname]
;programs=progname1,progname2  ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions
;priority=999                  ; the relative start priority (default 999)

; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting.  This
; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or
; newlines).  It can also contain wildcards.  The filenames are
; interpreted as relative to this file.  Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves.

[include]
files = /etc/supervisor/*.conf
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