64.Merge Sorted Array II-合并排序数组 II(容易题)

合并排序数组 II

  1. 题目

    合并两个排序的整数数组A和B变成一个新的数组。

    注意事项

    你可以假设A具有足够的空间(A数组的大小大于或等于m+n)去添加B中的元素。

  2. 样例

    给出 A = [1, 2, 3, empty, empty], B = [4, 5]

    合并之后 A 将变成 [1,2,3,4,5]

  3. 题解

    将A、B两个数组从后向前进行比较,按大小依次添加到数组A[m+n]的尾部,最后将A或者B中还剩余的数全部添加到数组A中。

class Solution {
    /**
     * @param A: sorted integer array A which has m elements, 
     *           but size of A is m+n
     * @param B: sorted integer array B which has n elements
     * @return: void
     */
    public void mergeSortedArray(int[] A, int m, int[] B, int n) {
        int i = m - 1, j = n - 1;
        int index = n + m - 1;
        while (i >= 0 && j >= 0) 
        {
            A[index--] = A[i] > B[j] ? A[i--] : B[j--];
        }
        while (i >= 0) 
        {
            A[index--] = A[i--];
        }
        while (j >= 0) 
        {
            A[index--] = B[j--];
        }
    }
}

Last Update 2016.8.29

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To merge k sorted linked lists, one approach is to repeatedly merge two of the linked lists until all k lists have been merged into one. We can use a priority queue to keep track of the minimum element across all k linked lists at any given time. Here's the code to implement this idea: ``` struct ListNode { int val; ListNode* next; ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {} }; // Custom comparator for the priority queue struct CompareNode { bool operator()(const ListNode* node1, const ListNode* node2) const { return node1->val > node2->val; } }; ListNode* mergeKLists(vector<ListNode*>& lists) { priority_queue<ListNode*, vector<ListNode*>, CompareNode> pq; for (ListNode* list : lists) { if (list) { pq.push(list); } } ListNode* dummy = new ListNode(-1); ListNode* curr = dummy; while (!pq.empty()) { ListNode* node = pq.top(); pq.pop(); curr->next = node; curr = curr->next; if (node->next) { pq.push(node->next); } } return dummy->next; } ``` We start by initializing a priority queue with all the head nodes of the k linked lists. We use a custom comparator that compares the values of two nodes and returns true if the first node's value is less than the second node's value. We then create a dummy node to serve as the head of the merged linked list, and a current node to keep track of the last node in the merged linked list. We repeatedly pop the minimum node from the priority queue and append it to the merged linked list. If the popped node has a next node, we push it onto the priority queue. Once the priority queue is empty, we return the head of the merged linked list. Note that this implementation has a time complexity of O(n log k), where n is the total number of nodes across all k linked lists, and a space complexity of O(k).

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