六.函数重载（从C到C++）

内容参考于《21天学通C++》(第八版)

六.函数重载

1. 示例

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

const double Pi = 3.14159265;

double Area(double radius); // for circle
double Area(double radius, double height); // for cylinder

int main()
{
	cout << "Enter z for Cylinder, c for Circle: ";
	char userSelection = 'z';
	cin >> userSelection;

	cout << "Enter radius: ";
	double radius = 0;
	cin >> radius;

	if (userSelection == 'z')
	{
		cout << "Enter height: ";
		double height = 0;
		cin >> height;

		// Invoke overloaded variant of Area for Cyclinder
		cout << "Area of cylinder is: " << Area(radius, height) << endl;
	}
	else
		cout << "Area of cylinder is: " << Area(radius) << endl;

	return 0;
}

// for circle
double Area(double radius)
{
	return Pi * radius * radius;
}

// overloaded for cylinder
double Area(double radius, double height)
{
	// reuse the area of circle
	return 2 * Area(radius) + 2 * Pi * radius * height;
}

2. 作用

名称相同，但参数不同的函数被称为重载函数。
那么，下面的代码是编译不通过的，因为名称相同，参数相同。

int max(int a, int b)
{
	return a >= b ? a : b;
}

bool max(int a, int b)
{
	return a >= b ? true : false;
}

下面代码是编译通过的

int max(int a, int b)
{
	return a >= b ? a : b;
}

bool max(int a)
{
	return a >= 20 ? true : false;
}