Linux基于UDP的socket网络编程

（一）服务端

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

#define BUFSIZE 4096
#define IP_SIZE 1024

void work() {
    const char* server_ip = "x.x.x.x";
    const int server_port = x;

    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_pton(AF_INET, server_ip, &server_addr.sin_addr);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(server_port);

    int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if (-1 == sock) {
        perror("socket error");
    }

    int ret = bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
    if (-1 == ret) {
        perror("bind error");
    }

    printf("[server] waiting for udp connection\n");
    while (1) {
        struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
        socklen_t client_addr_len = sizeof(client_addr);
        
        ssize_t data_size;
        char buf[BUFSIZE];
        char client_ip[IP_SIZE];
        bzero(buf, BUFSIZE);
    
        data_size = recvfrom(sock, buf, BUFSIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &client_addr_len);
        if (-1 == data_size) {
            perror("recvfrom error");
        }
        printf("[server] client ip: %s, port:%d, receive data: %s",
            inet_ntop(AF_INET, &client_addr.sin_addr, client_ip, sizeof(client_ip)), ntohs(client_addr.sin_port), buf);
        
        data_size = sendto(sock, buf, data_size, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, sizeof(client_addr));
        if (-1 == data_size) {
            perror("sendto error");
        }
    }
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    work();
    return 0;
}

（二）客户端

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <strings.h>

#define BUFSIZE 4096

void work () {
    const char* server_ip = "x.x.x.x";
    const int server_port = x;

    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_pton(AF_INET, server_ip, &server_addr.sin_addr);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(server_port);
    
    int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if (-1 == sock) {
        perror("socket error");
    }

    ssize_t data_size;
    char send_buf[BUFSIZE];
    char recv_buf[BUFSIZE];
    bzero(send_buf, sizeof(send_buf));
    bzero(recv_buf, sizeof(recv_buf));
    printf("[client] please input data:");
    while (NULL != fgets(send_buf, BUFSIZE, stdin)) {
        data_size = sendto(sock, send_buf, strlen(send_buf), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
        if (-1 == data_size) {
            perror("sendto error");
        }
        data_size = recvfrom(sock, recv_buf, BUFSIZE, 0, NULL, 0);
        if (-1 == data_size) {
            perror("recvfrom error");
        }
        printf("[client] server return data:%s", recv_buf);
        bzero(send_buf, sizeof(send_buf));
        bzero(recv_buf, sizeof(recv_buf));
        printf("[client] please input data:");
    }
}

int main (int argc,char *argv[]) {
    work();
    return 0;
}

（三）使用shell脚本发送udp数据报

#!/bin/bash
while true
do
    echo "hello udp" > /dev/udp/x.x.x.x/x
    sleep 1
done