python空值判断总结(if xxx 和if xxx is None的区别)

python空值判断总结(if xxx 和if xxx is None的区别)

if xxx 和if xxx is None的区别

一、 if xxx

---

• None,’’,0,[],{},() ,False都被判断为空值(not xxx等价)
  如下代码输出所示，

  if __name__ == '__main__':
      print("---not None == (not '') == (not 0) == (not []) == (not {}) == (not ()) == (not False)---")
      print(not None == (not '') == (not 0) == (not []) == (not {}) == (not ()) == (not False))
  

  输出

  ---not None == (not '') == (not 0) == (not []) == (not {}) == (not ()) == (not False)---
  True
  
  

• if xxx

  如下代码输出所示，

  if __name__ == '__main__':
      print("---output a,b---")
      a = []
      b = None
      print("a=[]")
      print("b=None")
      print("--- if x")
      if a:
          print("a")
      else:
          print("None")
      if b:
          print("b")
      else:
          print("None")
  

  输出

  ---output a,b---
  a=[]
  b=None
  --- if x
  None
  None
  

结论：将空列表换成上述的其他空类型，结果一样。如果需要过滤None值和空对象时（如[],{},''等），可使用这种写法

二、 if xxx is None

---

该写法可将None和其他空值对象区分开来
如下代码输出所示：

if __name__ == '__main__':
    a = []
    b = None
    print("a=[]")
    print("b=None")
    print("--- is None")
    if a is None:
        print("None")
    else:
        print("a")
    if b is None:
        print("None")
    else:
        print("b")

输出

---output a,b---
a=[]
b=None
--- is None
a
None

结论：需要区分[],{},'',()等空值对象与None的区别时时可使用这种写法

贴下简单的测试代码

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print("---not None == (not '') == (not 0) == (not []) == (not {}) == (not ()) == (not False)---")
    print(not None == (not '') == (not 0) == (not []) == (not {}) == (not ()) == (not False))

    print("---output a,b---")
    a = []
    b = None
    print("a=[]")
    print("b=None")
    print("--- if x")
    if a:
        print("a")
    else:
        print("None")
    if b:
        print("b")
    else:
        print("None")

    print("--- is None")
    if a is None:
        print("None")
    else:
        print("a")
    if b is None:
        print("None")
    else:
        print("b")

    print("--- not")
    if not a:
        print("None")
    else:
        print("a")

    if not b:
        print("None")
    else:
        print("b")

    print("--- is not None")
    if a is not None:
        print("a")
    else:
        print("None")

    if b is not None:
        print("B")
    else:
        print("None")