JSON 可以将 JavaScript 对象中表示的一组数据转换为字符串(伪对象),然后就可以在函数之间轻松地传递这个字符串,
或者在异步应用程序中将字符串从 Web 客户端传递给服务器端程序。简而言之,JSONj就是JavaScript交互数据的一种格式.
从客户端向服务器传递对象:
步骤:1)在客户端将JSON对象转换为JSON格式字符串,调用json.js的函数:toJSONString()
2)服务端:将客户端发送过来的json格式字符串转换为java类对象
//step1:json格式字符串转为JSON对象
JSONObject jsonObject=JSONObject.fromObject(realVal);
//step2:JSON对象转为Java对象
2.1)利用JSONObject.fromObject(realVal)函数,将json格式字符串转为JSON对象
2.2)利用JSONObject.toBean(jsonObject, Person.class)将JSON对象转为Java对象
示例:
jsp代码:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>将json对象格式字符串发送给服务器程序</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="script/json.js"></script>
<script language="javascript">
//将JSON对象转换为JSON格式字符串
var student = {id:12,name:"小红帽",sex:"女",age:20};
//调用json.js的函数:toJSONString()
var jsonString=student.toJSONString();
var url="serverAcceptJSON?val="+jsonString;
url=encodeURI(encodeURI(url));
window.location=url;
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
java代码:
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
public class ServerAcceptJSON extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String value=request.getParameter("val");
String realVal=URLDecoder.decode(value, "utf-8");
System.out.println(realVal);
//将客户端发送过来的json格式字符串转换为java类对象
//step1:json格式字符串转为JSON对象
JSONObject jsonObject=JSONObject.fromObject(realVal);
//step2:JSON对象转为Java对象
Person person = (Person)JSONObject.toBean(jsonObject, Person.class);
System.out.println(person);
}
}
从客户端向服务器传递集合对象:
步骤:
1)在客户端将JSON集合对象转换为JSON格式字符串,调用json.js的函数:toJSONString()
2)服务端:将客户端发送过来的json格式字符串转换为java类集合对象
2.1)利用JSONArray.fromObject(realVal))函数,将json格式字符串转为JSON集合对象
2.2)利用Person[] strs= (Person[]) JSONArray.toArray(jsonArray,Person.class);将JSON集合对象转为Java集合
示例:
jsp代码:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>将json对象格式字符串发送给服务器程序</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="script/json.js"></script>
<script language="javascript">
//将JSON对象转换为JSON格式字符串
var studentList = [
{id:12,name:"小红帽",sex:"女",age:20},
{id:13,name:"花痴",sex:"女",age:19},
{id:13,name:"小飞侠",sex:"男",age:22}
]
//调用json.js的函数:toJSONString()
var jsonString=studentList.toJSONString();
alert(jsonString);
var url="serverAcceptJSON?val="+jsonString;
url=encodeURI(encodeURI(url));
window.location=url;
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
java代码:
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
public class ServerAcceptJSON extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String value=request.getParameter("val");
String realVal=URLDecoder.decode(value, "utf-8");
System.out.println(realVal);
//将客户端发送过来的json格式字符串转换为java类对象
//step1:json格式字符串转为JSON对象
JSONArray jsonArray =JSONArray.fromObject(realVal);
//step2:JSON对象转为Java对象
Person[] strs= (Person[]) JSONArray.toArray(jsonArray,Person.class);
for(int i=0;i<strs.length;i++){
System.out.println(strs[i]);
}
}
}
通过ajax异步请求服务器对象数据:
步骤:
1)从客户端发送ajxa的异步请求;
2)服务端:向客户端传递对象
2.1)把Java对象转换为JSON对象:
JSONObject jsonObj=JSONObject.fromObject(p);
2.2)JSON对象转json格式的字符串
String jsonString=jsonObj.toString();
3)客户端进行处理
3.1)将json字符串文本转换为json对象
var personObj=eval('(' + personStr + ')');
3.2)向表格中添加一行
var tbodyObj=document.getElementById("data");
var trObj=document.createElement("tr");
var tdObj1=document.createElement("td");
tdObj1.innerHTML=person.id;
var tdObj2=document.createElement("td");
tdObj2.innerHTML=person.name;
var tdObj3=document.createElement("td");
tdObj3.innerHTML=person.sex;
var tdObj4=document.createElement("td");
tdObj4.innerHTML=person.age;
trObj.appendChild(tdObj1);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj2);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj3);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj4);
tbodyObj.appendChild(trObj);
document.getElementById("tab_data").style.display="block";
示例;
jsp代码(如何动态添加表格中的行):
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>将json对象格式字符串发送给服务器程序</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="script/json.js"></script>
<script language="javascript">
var xmlhttp;
function createXMLHttp(){
xmlhttp= new XMLHttpRequest();
}
function getPerson(){
createXMLHttp();
var url="queryPerson";
xmlhttp.open("get",url,true);
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=addPerson;
xmlhttp.send();
}
function addPerson(){
if(xmlhttp.readyState==4){
if(xmlhttp.status==200){
var personStr = xmlhttp.responseText;
//将json字符串文本转换为json对象
var personObj=eval('(' + personStr + ')');
addRow(personObj);
}
}
}
function addRow(person){
if(person==null){
document.getElementById("lbl_msg").innerHTML=
"<font color='red'>没有找到符合条件的数据!</font>";
return;
}
var tbodyObj=document.getElementById("data");
var trObj=document.createElement("tr");
var tdObj1=document.createElement("td");
tdObj1.innerHTML=person.id;
var tdObj2=document.createElement("td");
tdObj2.innerHTML=person.name;
var tdObj3=document.createElement("td");
tdObj3.innerHTML=person.sex;
var tdObj4=document.createElement("td");
tdObj4.innerHTML=person.age;
trObj.appendChild(tdObj1);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj2);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj3);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj4);
tbodyObj.appendChild(trObj);
document.getElementById("tab_data").style.display="block";
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button οnclick="getPerson();">查询</button>
<hr/>
<label id="lbl_msg"></label>
<table id="tab_data" style="display:none;">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>学号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>年龄</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody id="data">
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
java代码:
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
public class QueryPerson extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
Person p = new Person(38,"胡微","女",22);
//把Java对象转换为JSON格式字符串:"{id:38,name:'胡微',sex:'女',age:22}"
JSONObject jsonObj=JSONObject.fromObject(p);
String jsonString=jsonObj.toString();
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
if(p==null){
out.println("null");
}else{
out.println(jsonString);
}
out.flush();
out.close();
}
}
通过ajax异步请求服务器对象数组数据:
步骤:
1)从客户端发送ajxa的异步请求;
2)服务端:向客户端传递对象
2.1)把Java对象数组转换为JSON对象:
JSONArray jsonarray=JSONArray.fromObject(perList);
2.2)JSON对象转json格式的字符串
String jsonString=jsonarray.toString();
3)客户端进行处理
3.1)将json字符串文本转换为json对象
var personObj=eval('(' + personStr + ')');
3.2)向表格中添加一行
for(var i=0;i<person.length;i++){
var tbodyObj=document.getElementById("data");
var trObj=document.createElement("tr");
var tdObj1=document.createElement("td");
tdObj1.innerHTML=person[i].id;
var tdObj2=document.createElement("td");
tdObj2.innerHTML=person[i].name;
var tdObj3=document.createElement("td");
tdObj3.innerHTML=person[i].sex;
var tdObj4=document.createElement("td");
tdObj4.innerHTML=person[i].age;
trObj.appendChild(tdObj1);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj2);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj3);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj4);
tbodyObj.appendChild(trObj);
}
document.getElementById("tab_data").style.display="block";
jsp代码:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>将json对象格式字符串发送给服务器程序</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="script/json.js"></script>
<script language="javascript">
var xmlhttp;
function createXMLHttp(){
xmlhttp= new XMLHttpRequest();
}
function getPerson(){
createXMLHttp();
var url="queryPer";
xmlhttp.open("get",url,true);
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=addPerson;
xmlhttp.send();
}
function addPerson(){
if(xmlhttp.readyState==4){
if(xmlhttp.status==200){
var personStr = xmlhttp.responseText;
alert(personStr);
//将json字符串文本转换为json对象
var personObj=eval('(' + personStr + ')');
alert(personObj);
addRow(personObj);
}
}
}
function addRow(person){
if(person==null){
document.getElementById("lbl_msg").innerHTML=
"<font color='red'>没有找到符合条件的数据!</font>";
return;
}
for(var i=0;i<person.length;i++){
var tbodyObj=document.getElementById("data");
var trObj=document.createElement("tr");
var tdObj1=document.createElement("td");
tdObj1.innerHTML=person[i].id;
var tdObj2=document.createElement("td");
tdObj2.innerHTML=person[i].name;
var tdObj3=document.createElement("td");
tdObj3.innerHTML=person[i].sex;
var tdObj4=document.createElement("td");
tdObj4.innerHTML=person[i].age;
trObj.appendChild(tdObj1);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj2);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj3);
trObj.appendChild(tdObj4);
tbodyObj.appendChild(trObj);
}
document.getElementById("tab_data").style.display="block";
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button οnclick="getPerson();">查询</button>
<hr/>
<label id="lbl_msg"></label>
<table id="tab_data" style="display:none;">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>学号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>年龄</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody id="data">
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
java代码:
package com.heres;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
public class QueryPerson extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("11111111");
Person p1 = new Person(38,"胡微","女",22);
Person p2 = new Person(19,"汪洋","男",23);
Person p3 = new Person(36,"胡八一","女",42);
List<Person> perList = new ArrayList<Person>();
perList.add(p1);
perList.add(p2);
perList.add(p3);
//把Java对象转换为JSON格式字符串:"{id:38,name:'胡微',sex:'女',age:22}"
JSONArray jsonarray=JSONArray.fromObject(perList);
String jsonString=jsonarray.toString();
System.out.println(jsonString);
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println(jsonString);
out.flush();
out.close();
}
}