多线程下的集合类

多线程集合类

(1).不安全的list

单线程:

public class TestList {
   
    public static void main(String[] args) {
   
        ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
   
            list.add(UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0,5));
            System.out.println(list);
        }
    }
}

[cd205]
[cd205, d71ad]
[cd205, d71ad, 67e69]
[cd205, d71ad, 67e69, cf680]
[cd205, d71ad, 67e69, cf680, 085d8]
[cd205, d71ad, 67e69, cf680, 085d8, d12be]
[cd205, d71ad, 67e69, cf680, 085d8, d12be, 73923]
[cd205, d71ad, 67e69, cf680, 085d8, d12be, 73923, 84efb]
[cd205, d71ad, 67e69, cf680, 085d8, d12be, 73923, 84efb, cdfb6]
[cd205, d71ad, 67e69, cf680, 085d8, d12be, 73923, 84efb, cdfb6, 0efbe]

执行成功,且安全

多线程:

public class TestList {
   
    public static void main(String[] args) {
   
        ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
   
            new Thread(()->{
   
                list.add(UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0,5));
                System.out.println(list);
            }).start();
        }
    }
}

Exception in thread "Thread-4" [7267c, 13a6d, c8ac8, 6e2f8]
Exception in thread "Thread-3" Exception in thread "Thread-2" 
[7267c, 13a6d, c8ac8, 6e2f8, 6a46f, 097b7, 324e4, a655e, 25ffb, 1f6ca]
[7267c, 13a6d, c8ac8, 6e2f8, 6a46f, 097b7, 324e4, a655e, 25ffb]
[7267c, 13a6d, c8ac8, 6e2f8, 6a46f, 097b7, 324e4, a655e]
[7267c, 13a6d, c8ac8, 6e2f8, 6a46f, 097b7]
[7267c, 13a6d, c8ac8, 6e2f8, 6a46f, 097b7, 324e4]
[7267c, 13a6d, c8ac8, 6e2f8, 6a46f]
java.util.ConcurrentModificationException //多线程错误

执行失败:java.util.ConcurrentModificationException并发修改异常

解决方法->1:

改new ArrayList<>();为new Vector<>();是默认开启了synchronized正因如此,效率低

public static void main(String[] args) {
   
        List<String> list = new Vector<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
   
            new Thread(()->{
   
                list.add(UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0