import cv2
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
img=cv2.imread('cat.jpg')
img
输出:
array([[[142, 151, 160], [146, 155, 164], [151, 160, 170], ..., [156, 172, 185], [155, 171, 184], [154, 170, 183]], [[108, 117, 126], [112, 123, 131], [118, 127, 137], ..., [155, 171, 184], [154, 170, 183], [153, 169, 182]], [[108, 119, 127], [110, 123, 131], [118, 128, 138], ..., [156, 169, 183], [155, 168, 182], [154, 167, 181]], ..., [[162, 186, 198], [157, 181, 193], [142, 166, 178], ..., [181, 204, 206], [170, 193, 195], [149, 172, 174]], [[140, 164, 176], [147, 171, 183], [139, 163, 175], ..., [169, 187, 188], [125, 143, 144], [106, 124, 125]], [[154, 178, 190], [154, 178, 190], [121, 145, 157], ..., [183, 198, 200], [128, 143, 145], [127, 142, 144]]], dtype=uint8
cv2.imshow('image',img) #图像的显示,也可以创建多个窗口
cv2.waitKey(0) #等待时间,毫秒级。
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
输出:
def cv_show(name,img):
cv2.imshow(name,img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
img.shape
输出:(414, 500, 3)
img=cv2.imread('cat.jpg',cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
img
输出:
array([[153, 157, 162, ..., 174, 173, 172], [119, 124, 129, ..., 173, 172, 171], [120, 124, 130, ..., 172, 171, 170], ..., [187, 182, 167, ..., 202, 191, 170], [165, 172, 164, ..., 185, 141, 122], [179, 179, 146, ..., 197, 142, 141]], dtype=uint8)
img.shape
输出:
(414, 500)
cv2.imshow('image',img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
输出:
def cv_show(name,img):
cv2.imshow(name,img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
img.shape
输出:
(414, 500, 3)
img=cv2.imread('cat.jpg',cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
img
输出:
array([[153, 157, 162, ..., 174, 173, 172], [119, 124, 129, ..., 173, 172, 171], [120, 124, 130, ..., 172, 171, 170], ..., [187, 182, 167, ..., 202, 191, 170], [165, 172, 164, ..., 185, 141, 122], [179, 179, 146, ..., 197, 142, 141]], dtype=uint8)
cv2.imshow('image',img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
cv2.imwrite('mycat.png',img)#保存
输出:True
type(img)
输出:
numpy.ndarray
img.size #显示像素点的个数
输出:
207000
img.dtype #数据类型
输出:
dtype('uint8')
#数据读取-视频
#cv2.VideoCapture可以捕获摄像头,用数字来控制不同的设备,例如0,1。
#如果是视频文件,直接指定好路径即可。
vc = cv2.VideoCapture('test.mp4')
# 检查是否打开正确
if vc.isOpened():
oepn, frame = vc.read()
else:
open = False
while open:
ret, frame = vc.read()
if frame is None:
break
if ret == True:
gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv2.imshow('result', gray)
if cv2.waitKey(100) & 0xFF == 27:
break
vc.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
#截取部分图像数据
img=cv2.imread('cat.jpg')
cat=img[0:20,0:200]
cv_show('cat',cat)
输出:
#颜色通道提取
#只保留R
cur_img = img.copy()
cur_img[:,:,0] = 0
cur_img[:,:,1] = 0
cv_show('R',cur_img)
输出:
#只保留G
cur_img = img.copy()
cur_img[:,:,0] = 0
cur_img[:,:,2] = 0
cv_show('G',cur_img)
输出:
#只保留B
cur_img = img.copy()
cur_img[:,:,1] = 0
cur_img[:,:,2] = 0
cv_show('B',cur_img)
输出:
#边界扩充
top_size,bottom_size,left_size,right_size = (50,50,50,50)
replicate = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, borderType=cv2.BORDER_REPLICATE)
reflect = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size,cv2.BORDER_REFLECT)
reflect101 = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, cv2.BORDER_REFLECT_101)
wrap = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, cv2.BORDER_WRAP)
constant = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size,cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, value=0)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.subplot(231), plt.imshow(img, 'gray'), plt.title('ORIGINAL')
plt.subplot(232), plt.imshow(replicate, 'gray'), plt.title('REPLICATE')
plt.subplot(233), plt.imshow(reflect, 'gray'), plt.title('REFLECT')
plt.subplot(234), plt.imshow(reflect101, 'gray'), plt.title('REFLECT_101')
plt.subplot(235), plt.imshow(wrap, 'gray'), plt.title('WRAP')
plt.subplot(236), plt.imshow(constant, 'gray'), plt.title('CONSTANT')
plt.show()
输出:
#BORDER_REPLICATE:复制法,也就是复制最边缘像素。
#BORDER_REFLECT:反射法,对感兴趣的图像中的像素在两边进行复制例如:fedcba|abcdefgh|hgfedcb
#BORDER_REFLECT_101:反射法,也就是以最边缘像素为轴,对称,gfedcb|abcdefgh|gfedcba
#BORDER_WRAP:外包装法cdefgh|abcdefgh|abcdefg
#BORDER_CONSTANT:常量法,常数值填充。
#数值计算
img_cat=cv2.imread('cat.jpg')
img_dog=cv2.imread('dog.jpg')
img_cat2= img_cat +10
img_cat[:5,:,0]
输出:
array([[142, 146, 151, ..., 156, 155, 154], [108, 112, 118, ..., 155, 154, 153], [108, 110, 118, ..., 156, 155, 154], [139, 141, 148, ..., 156, 155, 154], [153, 156, 163, ..., 160, 159, 158]], dtype=uint8)
img_cat2[:5,:,0]
输出:
array([[152, 156, 161, ..., 166, 165, 164], [118, 122, 128, ..., 165, 164, 163], [118, 120, 128, ..., 166, 165, 164], [149, 151, 158, ..., 166, 165, 164], [163, 166, 173, ..., 170, 169, 168]], dtype=uint8)
#相当于% 256 大于255的像素=原数值-256
(img_cat + img_cat2)[:5,:,0]
输出:
array([[ 38, 46, 56, ..., 66, 64, 62], [226, 234, 246, ..., 64, 62, 60], [226, 230, 246, ..., 66, 64, 62], [ 32, 36, 50, ..., 66, 64, 62], [ 60, 66, 80, ..., 74, 72, 70]], dtype=uint8
#第二种(add) 大于255的像素,以255显示
cv2.add(img_cat,img_cat2)[:5,:,0]
输出:
array([[255, 255, 255, ..., 255, 255, 255], [226, 234, 246, ..., 255, 255, 255], [226, 230, 246, ..., 255, 255, 255], [255, 255, 255, ..., 255, 255, 255], [255, 255, 255, ..., 255, 255, 255]], dtype=uint8)
#图像融合
img_cat+img_dog #不能直接相加,会出现报错
img_dog = cv2.resize(img_dog, (500, 414))
img_dog.shape
输出:
(414, 500, 3)
res = cv2.addWeighted(img_cat, 0.4, img_dog, 0.6, 0)
plt.imshow(res)
输出:
res = cv2.resize(img, (0, 0), fx=4, fy=1)
plt.imshow(res)
输出:
res = cv2.resize(img, (0, 0), fx=1, fy=3)
plt.imshow(res)
输出: