网络编程——UDP实例

TCP是一种面向连接的传输层协议，而UDP是传输层中面向无连接的协议，故传送的数据包不能保证有序和不丢失，实现UDP通信主要用到了两个类：DatagramPacket和DatagramSocket
DatagramSocket
此类表示用于发送和接收数据报包的套接字

DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6565);

DatagramPacket
此类表示数据报包

DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(), 0, msg.getBytes().length, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 6565);

发送端代码

try {
// 1.建立一个socket
 DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
 // 2.建个包
 String msg = "这里是发送方";
 DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(), 0, msg.getBytes().length, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 6565);
 // 3.发送包
 socket.send(packet);

 // 4.关闭流
} catch (SocketException | UnknownHostException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
}

接收端代码

try {
    // 1.开放端口
    DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6565);
    // 2.接收数据包
    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
    //阻塞式接收
    socket.receive(packet);

    System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(), 0, packet.getLength()));

} catch (SocketException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}