004 mediaplayer播放流程分析

003篇中讲到了最简单的mediaplayer播放，首先调用create函数创建一个实例，然后调用start进行播放。

现在来说明每个函数调用的时候底层都会做些什么。

    /**
     * Convenience method to create a MediaPlayer for a given resource id.
     * On success, {@link #prepare()} will already have been called and must not be called again.
     * <p>When done with the MediaPlayer, you should call  {@link #release()},
     * to free the resources. If not released, too many MediaPlayer instances will
     * result in an exception.</p>
     * <p>Note that since {@link #prepare()} is called automatically in this method,
     * you cannot change the audio stream type (see {@link #setAudioStreamType(int)}), audio
     * session ID (see {@link #setAudioSessionId(int)}) or audio attributes
     * (see {@link #setAudioAttributes(AudioAttributes)} of the new MediaPlayer.</p>
     *
     * @param context the Context to use
     * @param resid the raw resource id (<var>R.raw.<something></var>) for
     *              the resource to use as the datasource
     * @return a MediaPlayer object, or null if creation failed
     */
    public static MediaPlayer create(Context context, int resid) {
        int s = AudioSystem.newAudioSessionId();
        return create(context, resid, null, s > 0 ? s : 0);
    }

    /**
     * Same factory method as {@link #create(Context, int)} but that lets you specify the audio
     * attributes and session ID to be used by the new MediaPlayer instance.
     * @param context the Context to use
     * @param resid the raw resource id (<var>R.raw.<something></var>) for
     *              the resource to use as the datasource
     * @param audioAttributes the {@link AudioAttributes} to be used by the media player.
     * @param audioSessionId the audio session ID to be used by the media player,
     *     see {@link AudioManager#generateAudioSessionId()} to obtain a new session.
     * @return a MediaPlayer object, or null if creation failed
     */
    public static MediaPlayer create(Context context, int resid,
            AudioAttributes audioAttributes, int audioSessionId) {
        try {
            AssetFileDescriptor afd = context.getResources().openRawResourceFd(resid);
            if (afd == null) return null;

            MediaPlayer mp = new MediaPlayer();

            final AudioAttributes aa = audioAttributes != null ? audioAttributes :
                new AudioAttributes.Builder().build();
            mp.setAudioAttributes(aa);
            mp.setAudioSessionId(audioSessionId);

            mp.setDataSource(afd.getFileDescriptor(), afd.getStartOffset(), afd.getLength());
            afd.close();
            mp.prepare();
            return mp;
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Log.d(TAG, "create failed:", ex);
            // fall through
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
            Log.d(TAG, "create failed:", ex);
           // fall through
        } catch (SecurityException ex) {
            Log.d(TAG, "create failed:", ex);
            // fall through
        }
        return null;
    

资源创建过程中，首先调用的是AudioSystem.newAudioSessionId创建一个AudioSession id.

设置了一个AudioAttributes,设置了AudioSessionId,设置了setDataSource，检查setDataSource函数。

    /**
     * Sets the data source (FileDescriptor) to use.  The FileDescriptor must be
     * seekable (N.B. a LocalSocket is not seekable). It is the caller's responsibility
     * to close the file descriptor. It is safe to do so as soon as this call returns.
     *
     * @param fd the FileDescriptor for the file you want to play
     * @param offset the offset into the file where the data to be played starts, in bytes
     * @param length the length in bytes of the data to be played
     * @throws IllegalStateException if it is called in an invalid state
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if fd is not a valid FileDescriptor
     * @throws IOException if fd can not be read
     */
    public void setDataSource(FileDescriptor fd, long offset, long length)
            throws IOException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalStateException {
        _setDataSource(fd, offset, length);
    }

jni调用

    private native void _setDataSource(FileDescriptor fd, long offset, long length)
            throws IOException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalStateException;

通过android_media_MediaPlayer.cpp (\frameworks\base\media\jni)

{"_setDataSource",      "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;JJ)V",    (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setDataSourceFD},

static void
android_media_MediaPlayer_setDataSourceFD(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject fileDescriptor, jlong offset, jlong length)
{
    sp<MediaPlayer> mp = getMediaPlayer(env, thiz);
    if (mp == NULL ) {
        jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/IllegalStateException", NULL);
        return;
    }

    if (fileDescriptor == NULL) {
        jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException", NULL);
        return;
    }
    int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, fileDescriptor);
    ALOGV("setDataSourceFD: fd %d", fd);
    process_media_player_call( env, thiz, mp->setDataSource(fd, offset, length), "java/io/IOException", "setDataSourceFD failed." );
}

会调用Mediaplayer.cpp (\frameworks\av\media\libmedia)

status_t MediaPlayer::setDataSource(const sp<IDataSource> &source)
{
    ALOGV("setDataSource(IDataSource)");
    status_t err = UNKNOWN_ERROR;
    const sp<IMediaPlayerService> service(getMediaPlayerService());
    if (service != 0) {
        sp<IMediaPlayer> player(service->create(this, mAudioSessionId));
        if ((NO_ERROR != doSetRetransmitEndpoint(player)) ||
            (NO_ERROR != player->setDataSource(source))) {
            player.clear();
        }
        err = attachNewPlayer(player);
    }
    return err;
}

创建IMediaPlayerService服务，通过该服务创建IMediaPlayer,调用setDataSource实现远程调用。

    status_t setDataSource(const sp<IDataSource> &source) {
        Parcel data, reply;
        data.writeInterfaceToken(IMediaPlayer::getInterfaceDescriptor());
        data.writeStrongBinder(IInterface::asBinder(source));
        remote()->transact(SET_DATA_SOURCE_CALLBACK, data, &reply);
        return reply.readInt32();
    }

sp<IMediaPlayer> MediaPlayerService::create(const sp<IMediaPlayerClient>& client,
        audio_session_t audioSessionId)
{
    pid_t pid = IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingPid();
    int32_t connId = android_atomic_inc(&mNextConnId);

    sp<Client> c = new Client(
            this, pid, connId, client, audioSessionId,
            IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid());

    ALOGV("Create new client(%d) from pid %d, uid %d, ", connId, pid,
         IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid());

    wp<Client> w = c;
    {
        Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);
        mClients.add(w);
    }
    return c;
}

从代码中，我们可以看出，在Server端，我们新建的对象是Client，是MediaPlayerService的内部类。

然后调用setDataSource函数，还是在server端的client执行。

status_t MediaPlayerService::Client::setDataSource(
        const sp<IDataSource> &source) {
    sp<DataSource> dataSource = DataSource::CreateFromIDataSource(source);
    player_type playerType = MediaPlayerFactory::getPlayerType(this, dataSource);
    sp<MediaPlayerBase> p = setDataSource_pre(playerType);
    if (p == NULL) {
        return NO_INIT;
    }
    // now set data source
    setDataSource_post(p, p->setDataSource(dataSource));
    return mStatus;
}