下面是一个简单的 Spring Boot 应用程序
中使用
Netty 的
ServerBootstrap 和
Bootstrap 来创建服务器和客户端的示例：
1. 首先，需要在 Maven
中添加以下依赖项：
```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>io.
netty</groupId>
<artifactId>
netty-all</artifactId>
<version>4.1.65.Final</version>
</dependency>
```
2. 创建
Netty 服务器的代码：
```
java
@Component
public class
NettyServer {
private final EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
private final EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
@Autowired
private
NettyServerInitializer
nettyServerInitializer;
public void start() throws InterruptedException {
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new
ServerBootstrap();
bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
.channel(Nio
ServerSocketChannel.class)
.childHandler(
nettyServerInitializer);
ChannelFuture future =
bootstrap.bind(8080).sync();
future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
}
@PreDestroy
public void stop() {
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
```
3. 创建
Netty 服务器的初始化器：
```
java
@Component
public class
NettyServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
@Autowired
private
NettyServerHandler
nettyServerHandler;
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
ch.pipeline().addLast(
nettyServerHandler);
}
}
```
4. 创建
Netty 服务器的处理器：
```
java
@Component
public class
NettyServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) {
// 处理接收到的数据
System.out.println("Received message: " + msg);
ctx.writeAndFlush("
Server response: " + msg);
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
// 处理异常
cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.close();
}
}
```
5. 创建
Netty 客户端的代码：
```
java
@Component
public class
NettyClient {
private final EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
@Autowired
private
NettyClientInitializer
nettyClientInitializer;
public String sendMessage(String host, int port, String message) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
Bootstrap bootstrap = new
Bootstrap();
bootstrap.group(group)
.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
.handler(
nettyClientInitializer);
ChannelFuture future =
bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync();
future.channel().writeAndFlush(message).sync();
future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
return
nettyClientInitializer.getResponse();
}
@PreDestroy
public void stop() {
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
```
6. 创建
Netty 客户端的初始化器：
```
java
@Component
public class
NettyClientInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
private String response;
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringEncoder(), new StringDecoder(), new
NettyClientHandler(this));
}
public String getResponse() {
return response;
}
public void setResponse(String response) {
this.response = response;
}
}
```
7. 创建
Netty 客户端的处理器：
```
java
public class
NettyClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
private final
NettyClientInitializer
nettyClientInitializer;
public
NettyClientHandler(
NettyClientInitializer
nettyClientInitializer) {
this.
nettyClientInitializer =
nettyClientInitializer;
}
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) {
// 处理接收到的数据
nettyClientInitializer.setResponse(msg);
ctx.close();
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
// 处理异常
cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.close();
}
}
```
在 Spring Boot 应用程序
中使用
Netty 的
ServerBootstrap 和
Bootstrap 来创建服务器和客户端，需要将
Netty 服务器和客户端的 Bean 注入到 Spring 容器
中，并在需要使用时使用它们。例如，在控制器
中使用
Netty 客户端：
```
java
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/
netty")
public class
NettyController {
@Autowired
private
NettyClient
nettyClient;
@GetMapping("/send")
public String sendMessage() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
return
nettyClient.sendMessage("localhost", 8080, "Hello from client");
}
}
```
这样，当访问 /
netty/send 路径时，将会向
Netty 服务器发送消息并接收响应。
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