MySQL多表关联查询演示
前期准备
一,创建student表,并插入数据
##创建student表
create table student(
sid varchar(10)not null unique primary key,
sname varchar(10)not null ,
sage datetime,
ssex varchar(10)not null
);
##插入数据
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-12-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-12-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-01-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-01-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('09' , '张三' , '2017-12-20' , '女');
insert into Student values('10' , '李四' , '2017-12-25' , '女');
insert into Student values('11' , '李四' , '2012-06-06' , '女');
insert into Student values('12' , '赵六' , '2013-06-13' , '女');
insert into Student values('13' , '孙七' , '2014-06-01' , '女');
##查看上两步的结果
select*from student;
运行结果:
二,同上创建科目表course,教师表teacher,成绩表sc,并插入数据
##科目表
create table Course(
CId varchar(10)not null,
Cname nvarchar(10)not null,
TId varchar(10)not null
);
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');
##教师表
create table Teacher(
TId varchar(10),
Tname varchar(10)not null
);
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');
##成绩表
create table SC(
SId varchar(10),
CId varchar(10),
score decimal(18,1)
);
insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);
运行结果:
实例演示
1. 查询" 01 “课程比” 02 "课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数
#1.把01课程对应的学生编号和成绩放在表a
#2.把02课程对应的学生编号和成绩放在表b
#3.在a表和b表学生编码相同的情况下找出a表成绩较高的人
select s.*, a.score as score_01, b.score as score_02
from Student s,
(select sid, score from SC where cid=01) a,
(select sid, score from SC where cid=02) b
where a.sid = b.sid and a.score > b.score and s.sid = a.sid;
效果如下:
2.查询同时存在" 01 “课程和” 02 "课程的情况
#前两步思路同上,最后判断同一个学生编码是否同时存在在两个表中
select * from
(select sid,score from SC where cid=01) A,
(select sid,score from SC where cid=02) B
where A.sid = B.sid;
效果如下:
3. 查询存在" 01 “课程但可能不存在” 02 "课程的情况(不存在时显示为 null )
#使用左连接left join...on
#左连接以前表为主,后表若不满足条件则返回null
select * from
(select sid,score from SC where cid=01) A
left join
(select sid,score from SC where cid=02) B
on A.sid = B.sid;
效果如下:
4.查询不存在" 01 “课程但存在” 02 "课程的情况
#思路相同,改成使用右连接
select * from
(select sid,score from SC where cid=01) A
right join
(select sid,score from SC where cid=02) B
on A.sid = B.sid
where A.sid is NULL;
效果如下:
5…查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩
select s.sid,s.sname,p.avg from
Student s,(select sid,avg(score) avg from SC GROUP BY sid) p
where s.sid=p.sid and p.avg>=60;
select s.sid,s.sname,p.avg from
Student s,(select sid,avg(score) avg from SC GROUP BY sid having avg>=60) p
where s.sid=p.sid ;
select p.sid,s.sname,p.avg from
(select sid,avg(score) avg from SC GROUP BY sid having avg>=60) p
left join
Student s
on s.sid=p.sid ;
6.查询在 SC 表存在成绩的学生信息
#只需要匹配一下student表中和sc表中的sid
select distinct Student.*
from
Student,SC
where Student.sid = SC.sid;
7.查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为 null )
select s.sid,s.sname,cs.count,cs.sum from
(select sid,count(score) count,sum(score) sum from SC GROUP BY sid) cs
right JOIN
Student s
on s.sid=cs.sid;
8.查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息
select s.sid,s.sname,IFNULL(cs.count,0) num from
(select sid,count(score) count from SC GROUP BY sid) cs
right JOIN
Student s
on s.sid=cs.sid
where IFNULL(cs.count,0)<(select count(distinct cid) as cid_num from Course);
9.查询至少有一门课与学号为" 01 "的同学所学相同的同学的信息
select Student.* from
(select distinct(sid) from SC
where cid in
(select cid from SC where sid = '01')) A
left join
Student
on A.sid = Student.sid;
10.查询和" 01 "号的同学学习的课程 完全相同的其他同学的信息
select sid,
concat(max(case when cid='01' then cid else "" end),max(case when cid='02' then cid else "" end),max(case when cid='03' then cid else "" end) ) as cids
from SC
group by sid
having cids =
(select
concat(max(case when cid='01' then cid else "" end),max(case when cid='02' then cid else "" end),max(case when cid='03' then cid else "" end) ) as cids
from SC
group by sid
having sid = "01") and sid <> "01";
select s.*,
concat(max(case when sc.cid='01' then sc.cid else "" end),max(case when sc.cid='02' then sc.cid else "" end),max(case when sc.cid='03' then sc.cid else "" end) ) as cids
from SC sc,Student s
where sc.SId=s.SId
group by sid
having cids =
(select
concat(max(case when sc.cid='01' then sc.cid else "" end),max(case when sc.cid='02' then sc.cid else "" end),max(case when sc.cid='03' then sc.cid else "" end) ) as cids
from SC sc
group by sid
having sid = "01") and sid <> "01"; # <>为不等于!=
11.查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号,姓名及其平均成绩
select s.sid,s.sname,avg(SC.score) avg from Student s,SC
where s.sid=SC.sid AND SC.score<60
GROUP BY SC.sid
having count(*)>1;
12.检索" 01 "课程分数小于 60,按分数降序排列的学生信息
select Student.sname,A.* from Student
right join
(select sid,score from SC
where score < 60 and cid = '01'
order by score desc) A
on Student.sid = A.sid;
13.按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名, Score 重复时保留名次空缺
select a.sid, a.cid, a.score, count(a.score<b.score)+1 as rank
from SC as a
left join SC as b
on a.score<b.score and a.cid = b.cid
group by a.cid, a.sid,a.score
order by a.cid, rank ASC;
14.按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名, Score 重复时合并名次
select a.sid ,a.cid, a.score, count( distinct b.score) as rank
from SC a
left join SC b
on a.cid=b.cid and a.score<=b.score
group by a.cid, a.sid
order by a.cid, a.score desc;
15.查询学生的总成绩,并进行排名,总分重复时保留名次空缺
select a.* ,count(a.cj<b.cj)+1 as rank
from
(select sid,sum(score) as cj from SC group by sid) a
left join
(select sid, sum(score) as cj from SC group by sid) b
on a.cj<b.cj
group by a.sid
order by a.cj desc;
+------+-------+------+
| sid | cj | rank |
+------+-------+------+
| 01 | 269.0 | 1 |
| 03 | 240.0 | 2 |
| 02 | 210.0 | 3 |
| 07 | 187.0 | 4 |
| 05 | 163.0 | 5 |
| 04 | 100.0 | 6 |
| 06 | 65.0 | 7 |
+------+-------+------+
16.查询学生的总成绩,并进行排名,总分重复时不保留名次空缺
set @crank=0;
select q.sid, total, @crank := @crank +1 as rank from(
select sc.sid, sum(sc.score) as total from SC sc
group by sc.sid
order by total desc)q;
17.统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[60-0] 及所占百分比
select course.cname, course.cid,
sum(case when sc.score<=100 and sc.score>85 then 1 else 0 end) as "[100-85]",
sum(case when sc.score<=85 and sc.score>70 then 1 else 0 end) as "[85-70]",
sum(case when sc.score<=70 and sc.score>60 then 1 else 0 end) as "[70-60]",
sum(case when sc.score<=60 and sc.score>0 then 1 else 0 end) as "[60-0]"
from SC sc left join Course course
on sc.cid = course.cid
group by sc.cid;
18.查询各科成绩前三名的记录
select * from SC sc
where (
select count(*) from SC as a
where sc.cid = a.cid and sc.score<a.score
)< 3
order by cid asc, sc.score desc;
19.查询每门课程被选修的学生数
select cid,count(sid) from SC
group by cid;
20.查询出只选修两门课程的学生学号和姓名
select s.sid,s.sname from Student s
where sid in
(select sid from SC
group by SC.sid
having count(SC.cid)=2
);
21.查询男生、女生人数
select ssex, count(*) from Student
group by ssex;
22.查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩降序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程编号升序排列
select Course.cname,s.cid,s.avg FROM
Course,(select cid,avg(score) avg from SC GROUP BY cid) s
where Course.cid=s.cid
order by s.avg desc,s.cid asc;
+--------+------+----------+
| cname | cid | avg |
+--------+------+----------+
| 数学 | 02 | 72.66667 |
| 英语 | 03 | 68.50000 |
| 语文 | 01 | 64.50000 |
+--------+------+----------+
23.查询 1990 年出生的学生名单
select * from Student
where year(sage) =1990;
+------+--------+---------------------+------+
| SId | Sname | Sage | Ssex |
+------+--------+---------------------+------+
| 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 00:00:00 | 男 |
| 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 00:00:00 | 男 |
| 03 | 孙风 | 1990-12-20 00:00:00 | 男 |
| 04 | 李云 | 1990-12-06 00:00:00 | 男 |
+------+--------+---------------------+------+
24.查询课程名称为「数学」,且分数低于 60 的学生姓名和分数
select s.sname,SC.score from Student s,SC,Course
where s.sid = SC.sid
and Course.cid = SC.cid
and Course.cname = "数学"
and SC.score < 60;
+--------+-------+
| sname | score |
+--------+-------+
| 李云 | 30.0 |
+--------+-------+
25.查询不及格的课程
select cid from SC
where score<60
GROUP BY cid;