JavaScript 如何修改,删除数组中某个对象的某个属性

一  有几种方法可以用来修改JavaScript数组中对象的属性：

• 使用Array.map()方法
• 使用for-of循环
• 使用具有扩展运算符的Array.map()方法
• 使用forEach()方法
• 使用find()方法和解构。

• 方法1：使用Array.map()方法

  使用map()方法根据指定的函数，通过转换原始数组的每个元素来创建一个新的数组。

• let employees_data = [
      {
          employee_id: 1,
          employee_name: "Aman",
      },
      {
          employee_id: 2,
          employee_name: "Bhargava",
      },
      {
          employee_id: 3,
          employee_name: "Chaitanya",
      },
  ];
   
  const modifiedEmployees = employees_data.map(obj => {
      if (obj.employee_id === 2) {
          return { ...obj, employee_name: "rahul" };
      }
      return obj;
  });
   
  console.log(modifiedEmployees);
  

  输出

• [
    { employee_id: 1, employee_name: 'Aman' },
    { employee_id: 2, employee_name: 'rahul' },
    { employee_id: 3, employee_name: 'Chaitanya' }
  ]
  

  方法2：使用for-of循环

  使用for循环遍历一个包含对象的数组，根据条件查找并修改特定对象的属性。

• let employees_data = [
      {
          employee_id: 1,
          employee_name: "Aman",
      },
      {
          employee_id: 2,
          employee_name: "Bhargava",
      },
      {
          employee_id: 3,
          employee_name: "Chaitanya",
      },
  ];
  for (let object of employees_data) {
      if (object.employee_id === 2) {
          object.employee_name = "Anthony";
      }
  }
  console.log("Updated Data: ");
  console.log(employees_data);
  

  输出

• Updated Data: 
  [
    { employee_id: 1, employee_name: 'Aman' },
    { employee_id: 2, employee_name: 'Anthony' },
    { employee_id: 3, employee_name: 'Chaitanya' }
  ]
  

  方法3：使用Array.map()与扩展运算符

  使用Array.map()创建一个带有扩展运算符的新数组，以修改特定对象的属性。

• employees_data.map((employee) => {  
      if (employee.employee_id === 2) {  
          return {  
              ...employee,  
              employee_name: "Anthony",  
          };  
      }  
      return employee;  
  });
  

  示例： 在这个示例中，我们将使用Array.map()方法以及spread operator（…）将对象自身展开，以便通过使用先前创建的对象数组来更新现有对象的属性值。

• let employees_data = [
      {
          employee_id: 1,
          employee_name: "Aman",
      },
      {
          employee_id: 2,
          employee_name: "Bhargava",
      },
      {
          employee_id: 3,
          employee_name: "Chaitanya",
      },
  ];
  let new_updated_data =
      employees_data.map((employee) => {
          if (employee.employee_id === 2) {
              return {
                  ...employee,
                  employee_name: "Anthony",
              };
          }
          return employee;
      });
  console.log("Updated Data: ");
  console.log(new_updated_data);
  

  输出

• Updated Data: 
  [
    { employee_id: 1, employee_name: 'Aman' },
    { employee_id: 2, employee_name: 'Anthony' },
    { employee_id: 3, employee_name: 'Chaitanya' }
  ]
  

  方法4：使用 forEach() 方法

  使用 forEach() 方法，遍历对象数组，检查条件并修改匹配对象的属性

• let employees_data = [
      {
          employee_id: 1,
          employee_name: "Aman",
      },
      {
          employee_id: 2,
          employee_name: "Bhargava",
      },
      {
          employee_id: 3,
          employee_name: "Chaitanya",
      },
  ];
   
  const modifyProperty = (arr, targetId, newProperty) => {
      arr.forEach(obj => {
          if (obj.employee_id === targetId) {
              obj.employee_name = newProperty;
          }
      });
  };
   
  modifyProperty(employees_data, 2, "Ankit");
  console.log(employees_data);
  

  [
    { employee_id: 1, employee_name: 'Aman' },
    { employee_id: 2, employee_name: 'Ankit' },
    { employee_id: 3, employee_name: 'Chaitanya' }
  ]
  

  方法5：使用find()方法和解构

  使用find()方法搜索具有指定属性值的对象，并使用解构修改属性。

• let employees_data = [
      {
          employee_id: 1,
          employee_name: "Aman",
      },
      {
          employee_id: 2,
          employee_name: "Bhargava",
      },
      {
          employee_id: 3,
          employee_name: "Chaitanya",
      },
  ];
   
  const modifyProperty = (arr, targetId, newProperty) => {
      const targetObj = arr.find(obj => obj.employee_id === targetId);
      if (targetObj) {
          targetObj.employee_name = newProperty;
      }
  };
   
  modifyProperty(employees_data, 2, "Kavita");
  console.log(employees_data);
  

  [
    { employee_id: 1, employee_name: 'Aman' },
    { employee_id: 2, employee_name: 'Kavita' },
    { employee_id: 3, employee_name: 'Chaitanya' }
  ]
  

  二  JavaScript删除数组对象中的某个对象里的某个属性

• 方法1:使用for循环

• 
  let employ = [
      {
          employid: 1,
          employname: "Aman",
          employage:"15"
      },
      {
          employee_id: 2,
          employee_name: "Bhargava",
          employage:"16"
      },
      {
          employee_id: 3,
          employee_name: "Chaitanya",
          employage:"17"
      },
  ];
         for(var i =0;i<employ.length;i++){
          if(employ[i].employid===1){
             delete employ[i].employage
          }}
  console.log(employ)
  
  输出:
  [
      {
          employid: 1,
          employname: "Aman",
      },
      {
          employee_id: 2,
          employee_name: "Bhargava",
          employage:"16"
      },
      {
          employee_id: 3,
          employee_name: "Chaitanya",
          employage:"17"
      },
  ];

 可以看到上面打印输出第一条对象里的年龄属性删除了