手机验证码不能自己生成,需要由第三方来完成发送。本文选择网易云作为第三方来发送验证码。
首先,我们要注册网易云账号,完成登陆。选择“产品与服务”选项中的“通信与视频”,点击创建应用,完成后,下方有许多功能,我们选择“短信”选项,点击申请试用。完成后,上方的功能管理就会出现短信一栏。如图:
然后点击模板管理,出现三类模板,如图:
点击验证码模板,我们会发现已经有一个默认的模板,因为该模板为语言提示,不是手机短信提示,所以我们需要再创建一个新的模板,如图:
创建完成后,可能需要审核一段时间,完成后如图:
复制审核通过的模板ID,将ID写入下面的代码中。
public class CaptchaMsgTest {
private static String mobile = "";//mobile 是接受短信的手机号
/**
* 短信内容:您的验证码为%s,10分钟内有效。
*
*
*/
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
public static void main(String[] args) {
if(SMSUtils.isMobile(mobile)){
try {
SMSUtils.sendCode(mobile,"3953586");//mobile 是接受短信的手机号,"3953586" 是模板ID
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.print("请输入您收到的短信验证码:");
String code = new Scanner(System.in).next();
try {
if(SMSUtils.verifyCode(mobile, code)){//校验验证码
System.out.println("验证码正确...");
}else{
System.out.println("验证码错误...");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
下面是工具类代码:
public class SMSUtils {
private static final String NONCE = "123456";
private static final String APP_SECRET = "79660bb740bc";
private static final String APP_KEY = "b331b7254d0726ebac9afa98502a9507";
/**
* 检测手机号有效性
*
* @param mobile 手机号码
* @return 是否有效
*/
public static final boolean isMobile(String mobile){
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^((1[3578][0-9])|(14[57]))\\d{8}$");
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(mobile);
return matcher.matches();
}
/**
*
* @param mobile 手机号码
* @param templateId 验证码模板ID
* @return 是否发送成功
*/
public static final boolean sendCode(String mobile, String templateId) throws IOException {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("https://api.netease.im/sms/sendcode.action");
String currentTime = String.valueOf(new Date().getTime()/1000L);
String checkSum = CheckSumBuilder.getCheckSum(APP_SECRET,NONCE,currentTime);
//set header
httpPost.setHeader("AppKey",APP_KEY);
httpPost.setHeader("CurTime",currentTime);
httpPost.setHeader("Nonce",NONCE);
httpPost.setHeader("CheckSum",checkSum);
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8");
//set data
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("mobile",mobile));
nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("templateid", templateId));
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList,"utf-8"));
//start request
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpResponse httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpPost);
String responseResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(),"utf-8");
System.out.println("responseResult:"+responseResult);
String stateCode = JSON.parseObject(responseResult).getString("code");
if(stateCode.equals("200")){
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 判断用户输入验证码与网易云生成的验证码是否一致
*
* @param mobile 电话号码
* @param code 发送到mobile上的短信
*/
public static final boolean verifyCode(String mobile, String code) throws IOException {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("https://api.netease.im/sms/verifycode.action");
String currentTime = String.valueOf(new Date().getTime()/1000L);
String checkSum = CheckSumBuilder.getCheckSum(APP_SECRET,NONCE,currentTime);
//set header
httpPost.setHeader("AppKey",APP_KEY);
httpPost.setHeader("CurTime",currentTime);
httpPost.setHeader("Nonce",NONCE);
httpPost.setHeader("CheckSum",checkSum);
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8");
//set data
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("code",code));
nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("mobile",mobile));
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList,"utf-8"));
//start request
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpResponse httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpPost);
String responseResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(),"utf-8");
System.out.println("responseResult:"+responseResult);
String stateCode = JSON.parseObject(responseResult).getString("code");
if(stateCode.equals("200")){
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
上面代码中的字符串类型变量APP_SECRET和APP_KEY并不是任意的,这就需要网易云账号里找到它们的值。
点击网易云账号里的应用手机验证码,如图:
点击App Key管理,找到App Key,如图:
这两个字符串就是APP_SECRET和APP_KEY的值。
下面是另一个工具类代码:
public class CheckSumBuilder {
private static final char[] HEX_DIGITS = {'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','a','b','c','d','e','f'};
public static String getCheckSum(String appSecret, String nonce, String curTime){
return encode("SHA",appSecret+nonce+curTime);
}
private static String encode(String algorithm, String value){
if(value == null){
return null;
}
try {
MessageDigest messageDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance(algorithm);
messageDigest.update(value.getBytes());
return getFormattedText(messageDigest.digest());
}catch (Exception e){
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
private static String getFormattedText(byte[] bytes){
int length = bytes.length;
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(length*2);
for(int i=0;i<length;i++){
stringBuilder.append(HEX_DIGITS[(bytes[i]>>4)&0x0f]);
stringBuilder.append(HEX_DIGITS[(bytes[i]&0x0f)]);
}
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
}
运行第一段代码就可以向手机发送验证码了。