图形学笔记（二）画一个三角形

创建完窗口，就可以开始画图形了，先画一个三角形练练手。

一、惯例，先上代码

#include <iostream>

//GLEW
#define GLEW_STATIC
#include <GL/glew.h>

//GLFW
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>

//
#include "Shader.h"
const GLint WIDTH = 800, HEIGHT = 600;  //新建窗口

/*
//顶点调色器，所有顶点都是逆时针画的
const GLchar *vertexShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"  //版本型号
"layout(location = 0) in vec3 position;\n"  //调色器位置参数信息，vector 向量，3 个信息，location = 0 表示进 1 个参数，= 1 表示进 2 个参数
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"gl_Position = vec4(position.x, position.y, position.z, 1.0f);\n"  //四位，齐次坐标器（增加一维，达到矩阵移动目的）
"}";

//边缘调色器
const GLchar *fragmentShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"out vec4 color;\n"  //四个参数
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"color = vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 0.7f);\n"  //用 = 进行赋值
"}";
*/


int main()
{
   
	glfwInit();
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);  //用的是新版的 OpenGL 3.3
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE); // must for Mac
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GL_FALSE);  //改为 GL_TRUE，改变窗口，纵横比会变
	GLFWwindow *window = glfwCreateWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "Learn OpenGL B16xxxxxx", nullptr,
		nullptr);  //窗口名字改成自己的学号

	if (nullptr == window)
	{
   
		std::cout << "Failed to create GLFW window" << std::endl;
		glfwTerminate();
		return -1;
	}

	// next two lines are for mac retina display
	int screenWidth, screenHeight;
	glfwGetFramebufferSize(window, &screenWidth, &screenHeight);  //获取窗口大小

	glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);  //可以新建很多 window

	glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
	if (GLEW_OK != glewInit())
	{
   
		std::cout << "Failed to initialise GLEW" << std::endl;
		return -1;
	}
	glViewport(0, 0, screenWidth, screenHeight);  //从（0,0）开始画点，直到 WIDTH 和 HEIGHT

	//vs 是顶点调色器，frag 是边缘调色器
	Shader ourShader = Shader("core.vs", "core.frag");  //文件相对路径

	//now the verte information comes below

	GLfloat vertices[] = {
   
		//position
		-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
		0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
		0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f,
	};

	//the date should be transfered to the memory on the Graphics Card,传到显存
	GLuint VAO, VBO;  //VAO:Vertex Array Object   VBO:Vertex Buffer Object传数据
	glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);  //创建 VAO
	glGenBuffers