头文件＜cstdint＞的C++11标准

C++中头文件是定义数据类型的文件，文件中的数据类型定义在命名空间std内，一般要在C++11及以后的环境中使用。使用其数据类型时，最好加上命名空间的前缀“std::int64".避免在全局使用using namespace std;或者为了避免污染全局命名空间，可以另外定义命名空间进行隔离。

intmax_t uintmax_t Integer type with the maximum width supported.
int8_t uint8_t Integer type with a width of exactly 8, 16, 32, or 64 bits.
For signed types, negative values are represented using 2’s complement.
No padding bits.
Optional: These typedefs are not defined if no types with such characteristics exist.*
int16_t uint16_t
int32_t uint32_t
int64_t uint64_t
int_least8_t uint_least8_t Integer type with a minimum of 8, 16, 32, or 64 bits.
No other integer type exists with lesser size and at least the specified width.
int_least16_t uint_least16_t
int_least32_t uint_least32_t
int_least64_t uint_least64_t
int_fast8_t uint_fast8_t Integer type with a minimum of 8, 16, 32, or 64 bits.
At least as fast as any other integer type with at least the specified width.
int_fast16_t uint_fast16_t
int_fast32_t uint_fast32_t
int_fast64_t uint_fast64_t
intptr_t uintptr_t Integer type capable of holding a value converted from a void pointer and then be converted back to that type with a value that compares equal to the original pointer.
Optional: These typedefs may not be defined in some library implementations.*