23种设计模式（建造者模式）

23种设计模式（建造者模式）

（愿岁月清净）

1.建造者模式定义

• 讲一个复杂的对象的创建与他的表示分离，使得同样的构建过程可以创建不同的表示。

2.应用举例

• 工厂（建造者模式）：负责制造汽车（组装过程和细节在工厂内）
• 汽车购买者（用户）：你只需要说出需要的型号（对象的类型和内容），然后直接购买就可以使用了（不需要知道汽车是如何组装的，如何建造的）

3.栗子

4.具体代码实现

1.Product

package com.kuang.builder;

//产品，房子
public class Product {
    private String builderA;
    private String builderB;
    private String builderC;
    private String builderD;

    public String getBuilderA() {
        return builderA;
    }

    public void setBuilderA(String builderA) {
        this.builderA = builderA;
    }

    public String getBuilderB() {
        return builderB;
    }

    public void setBuilderB(String builderB) {
        this.builderB = builderB;
    }

    public String getBuilderC() {
        return builderC;
    }

    public void setBuilderC(String builderC) {
        this.builderC = builderC;
    }

    public String getBuilderD() {
        return builderD;
    }

    public void setBuilderD(String builderD) {
        this.builderD = builderD;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Product{" +
                "builderA='" + builderA + '\'' +
                ", builderB='" + builderB + '\'' +
                ", builderC='" + builderC + '\'' +
                ", builderD='" + builderD + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

2.Builder（抽象的建造者）

package com.kuang.builder;

//抽象的建造者：方法
public abstract class Builder {

    abstract void builderA();//地基
    abstract void builderB();//钢筋工程
    abstract void builderC();//铺电线
    abstract void builderD();//粉刷

    //完工：得到产品
    abstract Product getProduct();
}

3.Worker

package com.kuang.builder;

//具体的建造者：工人
public class Worker extends Builder {

    private Product product;

    public Worker() {
        product = new Product();
    }

    @Override
    void builderA() {
        product.setBuilderA("地基");
        System.out.println("地基");
    }

    @Override
    void builderB() {
        product.setBuilderB("钢筋工程");
        System.out.println("钢筋工程");
    }

    @Override
    void builderC() {
        product.setBuilderC("铺电线");
        System.out.println("铺电线");
    }

    @Override
    void builderD() {
        product.setBuilderD("粉刷");
        System.out.println("粉刷");
    }

    @Override
    Product getProduct() {
        return product;
    }
}

4.Director

package com.kuang.builder;

//指挥：核心，负责指挥构建一个工程，工程如何构建，由它决定
public class Director {

    //指挥工人按照顺序建房子
    public Product build(Builder builder){
        builder.builderA();
        builder.builderB();
        builder.builderC();
        builder.builderD();
        return builder.getProduct();
    }
}

5.Test

package com.kuang.builder;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //指挥
        Director director = new Director();
        //指挥具体的工人完成产品
        Product build = director.build(new Worker());
        System.out.println(build.toString());
    }
}

5.代码优化

1.Product

package com.kuang.builder.demo02;

//产品：套餐
public class Product {

    private String BuildA ="汉堡";
    private String BuildB ="可乐";
    private String BuildC ="薯条";
    private String BuildD ="甜点";

    public String getBuildA() {
        return BuildA;
    }

    public void setBuildA(String buildA) {
        BuildA = buildA;
    }

    public String getBuildB() {
        return BuildB;
    }

    public void setBuildB(String buildB) {
        BuildB = buildB;
    }

    public String getBuildC() {
        return BuildC;
    }

    public void setBuildC(String buildC) {
        BuildC = buildC;
    }

    public String getBuildD() {
        return BuildD;
    }

    public void setBuildD(String buildD) {
        BuildD = buildD;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Product{" +
                "BuildA='" + BuildA + '\'' +
                ", BuildB='" + BuildB + '\'' +
                ", BuildC='" + BuildC + '\'' +
                ", BuildD='" + BuildD + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

2.Builder

package com.kuang.builder.demo02;

//建造者
public abstract class Builder {
    abstract Builder BuildA(String msg);//"汉堡";
    abstract Builder BuildB(String msg);//"可乐";
    abstract Builder BuildC(String msg);//"薯条";
    abstract Builder BuildD(String msg);//"甜点";

    abstract Product getProduct();
}

3.Worker

package com.kuang.builder.demo02;

public class Worker extends Builder {

    private Product product;

    public Worker() {
        product = new Product();
    }

    @Override
    Builder BuildA(String msg) {
        product.setBuildA(msg);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    Builder BuildB(String msg) {
        product.setBuildB(msg);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    Builder BuildC(String msg) {
        product.setBuildC(msg);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    Builder BuildD(String msg) {
        product.setBuildD(msg);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    Product getProduct() {
        return product;
    }
}

4.Test

package com.kuang.builder.demo02;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //服务员
        Worker worker = new Worker();
        //可以按默认走，也可以自由组合
        Product product = worker.BuildA("全家桶").BuildB("雪碧").getProduct();

        System.out.println(product.toString());
    }
}

5.运行结果

Product{BuildA='全家桶', BuildB='雪碧', BuildC='薯条', BuildD='甜点'}