提示:以下是本篇文章正文内容,下面案例可供参考
一、实验步骤:
交换机配置:
SW1和SW2类似,配置链路类型+vlan接口IP+默认路由
[Huawei]sy SW1
[SW1]un in en
[SW1]vlan batch 10 20 100
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW1]int vlan 100
[SW1-Vlanif100]ip add 13.1.1.2 30
[SW1]int vlan 10
[SW1-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.10.1 24
[SW1]int vlan 20
[SW1-Vlanif20]ip add 192.168.20.1 24
[SW1]int e0/0/1
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW1]int e0/0/2
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 100
[SW1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 13.1.1.1
SW3的配置
[SW3]vlan batch 10 20
[SW3]int e0/0/1
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10
[SW3]int e0/0/2
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 20
[SW3]int e0/0/3
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW3]int e0/0/4
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
路由器配置:
配置端口IP+静态路由,使得全网通
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy Router
[Router]int loopback 1
[Router-LoopBack1]ip add 1.1.1.1 32
[Router]int g0/0/0
[Router-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 13.1.1.1 30
[Router]int g0/0/1
[Router-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.1.1.1 30
[Router]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 13.1.1.2
[Router]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 23.1.1.2 preference 70
[Router]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 23.1.1.2
[Router]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 13.1.1.2 preference 70
在没有配置VRRP时,由于MSTP协议,链路会选择一条最优路由,所以PC都只会走一条最优路径,当网络中有大量用户访问互联网时,可能会导致链路过载,这时数据交互会很慢,影响其用户上网体验
注:STP协议,优先级越小,越优先,默认静态路由优先级为60,配置多条静态路由是为了链路灾备,有利于设备数据交换的可靠性
交换机上的VRRP配置:
[SW1]int vlan 10
[SW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
[SW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
[SW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 track interface e0/0/2
[SW1]int vlan 20
[SW1-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254
[SW1-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 priority 115
[SW2]int vlan 10
[SW2-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
[SW2-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 priority 115
[SW2]int vlan 20
[SW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254
[SW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 priority 120
[SW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 track interface e0/0/2
VRRP配置完成后可以抓包检测,优先级大被优先选择
用tracert命令检测数据流量的路径:
PC2就不放图片了,如果配置没错,路径就一定是192.168.20.2→1.1.1.1
二、检验
1、当我们关闭SW1的下行链路时,路由会自动跳转至路由优先级为70的备用路由上
[SW1]int e0/0/2
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]shutdown
很明显PC1现在走的是SW2
2、可当我们关闭SW1的上行链路时
[SW1]int e0/0/2
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]shutdown
查看Router上的路由表
<Router>dis ip rout
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 13 Routes : 13
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
13.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 13.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
13.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
13.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
23.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
23.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
23.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.10.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 13.1.1.2 GigabitEtherne0/0/0
192.168.20.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 23.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
路由器上的路由表没有变化,依然是之前的静态路由,当SW1
收到Router
传递过来的数据包,由于e0/0/1
接口故障,所以只能丢弃;
也就是说Router
只能检测到SW1
的下行链路的变化
问题:如何使得上行链路故障时,能够同时断开下行链路,这样路由是不是就能切换了?
[SW1]monitor-link group 1 创建监控组1
[SW1-mtlk-group1]port e0/0/1 uplink 将接口e0/0/1配置为上行链路
[SW1-mtlk-group1]port e0/0/2 downlink 将接口e0/0/2配置为下行链路
查看Router上的路由表
<Router>dis ip rout
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 10 Routes : 10
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
23.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
23.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
23.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.10.0/24 Static 70 0 RD 23.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
192.168.20.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 23.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
总结
该文章初衷是为了实现VRRP的ensp实验,完成第一点实验配置即可,校验部分仅供参考
本人是一个网络爱好者,也是初学者,喜欢琢磨一些基础知识,以上都是网上学习时的笔记,由于技术和表达能力都有限,希望优秀的你能看懂
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