java web模块功能

1 获取头部信息

• 类:HttpServletRequest
  描述:获取请求头信息.

序号	方法	描述
1	getHeaderNames	获取请求头包含的所有键名,返回Enumeration
2	getHeader	获取键名对应的值
3	getRequestURL	获取客户端请求的地址
4	getRequestURI	获取客户端请求的资源定位符
5	getRemoteAddr	获取客户端IP
6	getRemoteHost	获取客户端主机名
7	getRemotePort	获取客户端使用的端口
8	getLocalAddr	获取服务端IP
9	getLocalName	获取服务端主机名
10	getQueryString	获取请求行中的参数

• Usage

package com.sb.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@RestController 
@RequestMapping("/api") 
public class PeopleInfosController{
    @RequestMapping(value="/get-headers/infos", method=RequestMethod.POST) 
    @ResponseBody 
    public Map<String, Object> getHeaderInfos(HttpServletRequest req){
        Map<String, Object> headerInfos = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        Enumeration<String> headerNames = req.getHeaderNames();
        while(headerNames.hasMoreElements()){
            String nextElement = headerNames.nextElement();
            headerInfos.put(nextElement, req.getHeader(nextElement));
            System.out.format(nextElement+":"+req.getHeader(nextElement)+"\n");
        }
        System.out.format("header infos: "+headerInfos+"\n");
        System.out.format("============\n");
        headerInfos.put("URL", req.getRequestURL());
        headerInfos.put("URI", req.getRequestURI());
        // headerInfos.put("QueryString", req.getRequestQueryString());
        headerInfos.put("RemoteAddr", req.getRemoteAddr());
        headerInfos.put("RemoteHost", req.getRemoteHost());
        headerInfos.put("RemotePort", req.getRemotePort());
        headerInfos.put("LocalAddr", req.getLocalAddr());
        headerInfos.put("LocalName", req.getLocalName());
        
        return headerInfos;
    }
}

• Result

{
    "content-length": "22",
    "cookie": "JSESSIONID=F86435226AF347A3890C6D2D5CE39ED8; JSESSIONID=8Q1CZi3DD5gbyr8nsv_bAi4xKf4Omv4kahQxDCVq",
    "postman-token": "b935c3e9-fff4-4280-bc05-a4fee16772cd",
    "RemotePort": 45802,
    "URI": "/api/get-headers/infos",
    "RemoteAddr": "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1",
    "URL": "http://localhost:8090/api/get-headers/infos",
    "token": "token-input",
    "accept": "*/*",
    "LocalAddr": "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1",
    "LocalName": "ip6-localhost",
    "RemoteHost": "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1",
    "host": "localhost:8090",
    "content-type": "application/json",
    "connection": "keep-alive",
    "cache-control": "no-cache",
    "accept-encoding": "gzip, deflate",
    "user-agent": "PostmanRuntime/7.2.0"
}

2 响应

• 类:HttpServletResponse
  描述:服务端生成响应信息.

序号	方法	描述
1	addDateHeader(String name, long date)	添加只有一个值且类型为long类型的响应头,如过期时间expires
2	addHeader(String name, String value)	添加有多个值的响应头
3	addHeader(String name, int value)	添加有多个值且值类型为int类型的响应头
4	setHeader(String name, String value)	设置有多个值的响应头
5	setHeader(String name, int value)	设置有多个值且值类型为int类型的响应头
6	setDateHeader(String name, long value)	设置只有一个值且类型为long类型的响应头,如过期时间expires
7	setDateHeader(String name, int value)	设置只有一个值且类型为int类型的响应头,如过期时间expires
8	setIntHeader(String name, int value)	设置只有一个值且值为类型int的响应头

• Usage

package com.sb.controller;

import com.sb.po.PeopleInfos;
import com.sb.service.PeopleInfosService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@RestController 
@RequestMapping("/api") 
public class PeopleInfosController{
    @RequestMapping(value="/set-response/infos", method=RequestMethod.GET) 
    @ResponseBody  
    public Map<String, Object> setResponseInfos(HttpServletResponse resp){
        Map<String, Object> responseInfos = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        resp.addHeader("testHeader", "addHeader");
        resp.setDateHeader("expires", 500);
        return responseInfos;
    }
}

• Result

图2.1 添加请求头

3 Get请求

• 请求参数
  params

// 请求参数必须含有id
@RequestMapping(value="/get-url/query", params="id", method=RequestMethod.GET)
// 请求参数禁止含id
@RequestMapping(value="/get-url/query", params="!id", method=RequestMethod.GET)
// 请求参数为多个
@RequestMapping(value="/get-url/query", params={"id", "name"}, method=RequestMethod.GET)

• 获取请求参数
  @RequestParam

public Map<String, Object> getUrlInfos(HttpServletRequest req, @RequestParam("id") Integer id, @RequestParam("name") String name){}

• Usage

package com.sb.controller;

import com.sb.po.PeopleInfos;
import com.sb.service.PeopleInfosService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@RestController 
@RequestMapping("/api") 
public class PeopleInfosController{
    @RequestMapping(value="/get-url/query", params={"id", "name"}, method=RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody 
    public Map<String, Object> getUrlInfos(HttpServletRequest req, @RequestParam("id") Integer id, @RequestParam("name") String name){
        Map<String, Object> queryInfos = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        queryInfos.put("infos", req.getQueryString());
        queryInfos.put("id", id);
        queryInfos.put("name", name);
        return queryInfos;
    }
}

• URL

http://localhost:8090/api/get-url/query?id=250&name=xiaohong

4 Post请求

package com.sb.controller;

import com.sb.po.PeopleInfos;
import com.sb.service.PeopleInfosService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


@RestController 
@RequestMapping("/api") 
public class PeopleInfosController{
    @RequestMapping(value="/get-body/infos", method=RequestMethod.POST) 
    @ResponseBody
    public Map<String, String> getBodyInfos(@RequestBody Map<String, String> bodyInfos){
        return bodyInfos;
    }
}

---

【参考文献】
[1]https://www.cnblogs.com/lichangyun/p/8524780.html
[2]https://blog.csdn.net/jiahao1186/article/details/82026330
[3]https://www.jianshu.com/p/8bc6b82403c5
[4]https://www.cnblogs.com/naihuangbao/p/9705625.html