Linux下进程间通讯------socket

今天来介绍另外一种通讯方式，socket。

具体来说，利用socket套接字来进行进程间通讯，这一方式主要是在TCP和UDP协议那块使用，客户端和服务器端相当于是两个进程，利用socket来发送和接收消息，从而实现通讯。之前介绍过了TCP编程，今天就用UDP协议的实现来进行说明。

首先来了解UDP编程流程:

UDP Server:

Int  sockfd=socket();---->创建网络通讯的套接字    文件描述符

Bind()----->将socketfd与服务器的IIP地址和端口号进行绑定，让客户端能够访问到服务器；

Recvfrom();--->接收数据，从sockfd文件描述符上接收数据

Sendto();--->发送数据  sendto函数必须指明发送给哪个客户端

Close();--->sockfd释放，关闭服务器

 

UDP Client:

Int sockfd =socket();

Bind();  可选

Sendto();--->给服务器发送数据

Recvfrom()--->接收服务器回馈的数据

Close();

Int recvfrom(int sockfd,void*buff,int len,flags,struct sockaddr* peeraddr,socklen_*size);

Sockaddr*peeraddr    接收到的数据对应的发送对   端的地址信息

Int sendto(int sockfd,void*buff,int datalen,int flags,struct sockaddr*peeraddr,socklen_ len);

代码实现：

ser.c

# include <stdio.h>
# include <stdlib.h>
# include <assert.h>
# include <string.h>
# include <sys/socket.h>
# include <unistd.h>
# include <netinet/in.h>
# include <arpa/inet.h>

int main()
{
	int socketfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
	assert( socketfd!= -1);

	struct sockaddr_in saddr,caddr;
	memset(&saddr,0,sizeof(saddr));
	saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	saddr.sin_port = htons(6000);
	saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");

	int res = bind(socketfd,(struct sockaddr*)&saddr,sizeof(saddr));
	assert( res !=-1);

	while(1)
	{
		char buff[128]={0};
		int len = sizeof(caddr);
		int n=recvfrom(socketfd,buff,127,0,(struct sockaddr*)&caddr,&len);
		if(n == -1)
		{
			break;
		}
		else
		{
			printf("ip:%s,port:%d,buff=%s\n",inet_ntoa(caddr.sin_addr),ntohs(caddr.sin_port),buff);
			sendto(socketfd,"ok",2,0,(struct sockaddr*)&caddr,sizeof(caddr));
		}
	}
	close(socketfd);
	exit(0);
}

cli.c

# include <stdio.h>
# include <stdlib.h>
# include <assert.h>
# include <string.h>
# include <sys/socket.h>
# include <unistd.h>
# include <netinet/in.h>
# include <arpa/inet.h>

int main()
{
	
	int socketfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
	assert( socketfd!= -1);

	struct sockaddr_in saddr;//指定服务器端的ip和端口号
	memset(&saddr,0,sizeof(saddr));
	saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	saddr.sin_port = htons(6000);
	saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");

	while(1)
	{
		char buff[128]={0};
		printf("input:\n");
		fgets(buff,128,stdin);

		if(strncmp (buff,"end",3)==0)
		{
			break;

		}
		sendto(socketfd,buff,strlen(buff),0,(struct sockaddr*)&saddr,sizeof(saddr));
		memset(buff,0,128);
		int len =sizeof(saddr);

		recvfrom(socketfd,buff,127,0,(struct sockaddr*)&saddr,&len);
		printf("buff=%s\n",buff);
	}
	close(socketfd);
}

运行结果：

客户端进行数据输入，服务器端将数据接收到后并进行输出，显示其ip地址、端口号以及输入的具体内容 。