如何正确安装gym==0.21.0

安装gym==0.21.0遇到的问题

(gym21) C:\Users\chong>pip install gym==0.21.0
Collecting gym==0.21.0
  Using cached gym-0.21.0.tar.gz (1.5 MB)
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × python setup.py egg_info did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [1 lines of output]
      error in gym setup command: 'extras_require' must be a dictionary whose values are strings or lists of strings containing valid project/version requirement specifiers.
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: metadata-generation-failed

× Encountered error while generating package metadata.
╰─> See above for output.

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for details.

以及

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "<string>", line 2, in <module>
        File "<pip-setuptools-caller>", line 34, in <module>
        File "C:\Users\chong\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-cc39m72i\gym_da868a760fcf49dbaa1378f21351382b\setup.py", line 39, in <module>
          setup(
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 87, in setup
          return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py", line 185, in setup
          return run_commands(dist)
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py", line 201, in run_commands
          dist.run_commands()
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 968, in run_commands
          self.run_command(cmd)
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 1217, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 987, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\wheel\bdist_wheel.py", line 395, in run
          self.egg2dist(self.egginfo_dir, distinfo_dir)
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\wheel\bdist_wheel.py", line 534, in egg2dist
          pkg_info = pkginfo_to_metadata(egginfo_path, pkginfo_path)
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\wheel\metadata.py", line 160, in pkginfo_to_metadata
          for key, value in generate_requirements({extra: reqs}):
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\wheel\metadata.py", line 138, in generate_requirements
          for new_req in convert_requirements(depends):
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\wheel\metadata.py", line 103, in convert_requirements
          parsed_requirement = Requirement(req)
        File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\gym21\lib\site-packages\wheel\vendored\packaging\requirements.py", line 37, in __init__
          raise InvalidRequirement(str(e)) from e
      wheel.vendored.packaging.requirements.InvalidRequirement: Expected end or semicolon (after version specifier)
          opencv-python>=3.
                       ~~~^
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for gym
  Running setup.py clean for gym
Failed to build gym
ERROR: Could not build wheels for gym, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

主要是setuptools和wheel版本的问题

两步操作可以解决

pip install setuptools==65.5.0

pip install --user wheel==0.38.0

--user是因为没有权限

详情见：https://github.com/openai/gym/issues/3202#issuecomment-1513593788