文章目录
6.1 if.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char ch;
int spaces = 0;
int total = 0;
cin.get(ch);
while (ch != '.')
{
if (ch == ' ')
{
++spaces;
}
++total;
cin.get(ch);
}
cout << spaces << " spaces, " << total;
cout << " characters total in sentence\n";
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
1.while与if的嵌套
2.该程序的功能为统计字符串的空格数和总字符数
6.2 ifelse.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char ch;
cout << "Type, and I shall repeat.\n";
cin.get(ch);
while (ch != '.')
{
if (ch == '\n')
{
cout << ch;
}
else
{
cout << ++ch;
}
cin.get(ch);
}
cout << "\nPlease excuse the slight confusion.\n";
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
- if…else
6.3 ifelseif.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int Fave = 27;
int main()
{
int n;
cout <<"Enter a number in the range 1-100 to find ";
cout << "my favorite number: ";
do
{
cin >> n;
if (n < Fave)
{
cout << "Too low -- guess again: ";
}
else if (n > Fave)
{
cout << "Too high -- guess again: ";
}
else
{
cout << Fave << " is right!\n";
}
} while (n != Fave);
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
1.if…else if…else
6.4 or.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "This program may reformat your hard disk\n"
"and destroy all your data.\n"
"Do you wish to continue? <y/n> ";
char ch;
cin >> ch;
if (ch == 'y' || ch == 'Y')
{
cout << "You were warned!\a\a\n";
}
else if (ch == 'n' || ch == 'N')
{
cout << "A wish choice ... bye\n";
}
else
{
cout << "That was not a y or n! Apparently you "
"can not follow\ninstructions, so "
"I will trash your disk anyway.\a\a\a\n";
}
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
1.cout输出字符串时，当字符串过长时，可以通过多个双引号解决
2.or表示或
6.5 and.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int ArSize = 6;
int main()
{
float naaq[ArSize];
cout << "Enter the NAAQs (New Age Awarenss Quotients) "
<< "of\nyour neighbors. Program terminates "
<< "when you make\n" << ArSize << " entries "
<< "or enter a negative value.\n";
int i = 0;
float temp;
cout << "First value: ";
cin >> temp;
while (i < ArSize && temp >= 0)
{
naaq[i] = temp;
++i;
if (i < ArSize)
{
cout << "Next value: ";
cin >> temp;
}
}
if (i == 0)
{
cout << "No data -- bye\n";
}
else
{
cout << "Enter your NAAQ: ";
float you;
cin >> you;
int count = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
{
if (naaq[j] > you)
{
++count;
}
}
cout << count;
cout << " of your neighbors have greater awareness of\n"
<< "the New Age than you do.\n";
}
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
1.和：&&
6.6 more_and.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const char* qualify[4] =
{
"10,000-meter race.\n",
"mud tug-of-war.\n",
"masters canoe jousting.\n",
"pie-throwing festival.\n"
};
int main()
{
int age;
cout << "Enter your age in years: ";
cin >> age;
int index;
if (age > 17 && age < 35)
index = 0;
else if (age >= 35 && age < 50)
index = 1;
else if (age >= 50 && age < 65)
index = 2;
else
index = 3;
cout << "You qualify for the " << qualify[index];
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
1.&&设置范围
6.7 not.cpp
代码
#include<iostream>
#include<climits>
using namespace std;
bool is_int(double);
int main()
{
double num;
cout << "Yo, dude! Enter an integer value: ";
cin >> num;
while (!is_int(num))
{
cout<< "Out of range -- please try again: ";
cin >> num;
}
int val = int(num);
cout << "You have entered the integer " << val << "\nBye\n";
return 0;
}
bool is_int(double x)
{
if (x <= INT_MAX && x >= INT_MIN)
return true;
else
return false;
}
结果
知识点
1.非：！
6.8 cctypes.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
#include <cctype>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Enter text for analysis, and type @"
" to terminate input.\n";
char ch;
int whitespace = 0;
int digits = 0;
int chars = 0;
int punct = 0;
int others = 0;
cin.get(ch);
while (ch != '@')
{
if (isalpha(ch))
chars++;
else if (isspace(ch))
whitespace++;
else if (ispunct(ch))
punct++;
else
others++;
cin.get(ch);
}
cout << chars << " letters, "
<< whitespace << " whitespace, "
<< digits << " digits, "
<< punct << " punctuations, "
<< others << " others.\n";
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
1.cctype包含了一些处理字符函数
6.9 condit.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a, b;
cout << "Enter two integers: ";
cin >> a >> b;
cout << "The larger of " << a << " and " << b;
int c = a > b ? a : b;//c = a if a > b,else c = b
cout << " is " << c << endl;
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
1.3个操作数的运算符
6.10switch.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void showmenu();
void report();
void comfort();
int main()
{
showmenu();
int choice;
cin >> choice;
while (choice != 5)
{
switch (choice)
{
case 1: cout << "\a\n";
break;
case 2: report();
break;
case 3: cout << "The boss was in all day.\n";
break;
case 4: comfort();
break;
default: cout << "That's not a choice.\n";
}
showmenu();
cin >> choice;
}
cout << "Bye!\n";
cin.get();
cin.get();
return 0;
}
void showmenu()
{
cout << "Please enter 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5:\n"
"1) alarm 2) report\n"
"3) alibi 4) comfort\n"
"5) quit\n";
}
void report()
{
cout << "It's been an excellent week for business.\n"
"Sales are up 120%. Expenses are down 35%.\n";
}
void comfort()
{
cout << "Your employees think you are the finest CEO\n"
"in the industry. The board of directors think\n"
"you are the finest CEO in the industry.\n";
}
结果
知识点
- switch
6.11 enum.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
enum{red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, indigo};
int main()
{
cout << "Enter color code (0-6): ";
int code;
cin >> code;
while (code >= red && code <=indigo)
{
switch (code)
{
case red: cout << "Her lips were red.\n"; break;
case orange: cout << "Her lips were orange.\n"; break;
case yellow: cout << "Her lips were yellow.\n"; break;
case green: cout << "Her lips were green.\n"; break;
case blue: cout << "Her lips were blue.\n"; break;
case violet: cout << "Her lips were violet.\n"; break;
case indigo: cout << "Her lips were indigo.\n"; break;
}
cout << "Enter color code (0-6): ";
cin >> code;
}
cout << "Bye\n";
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
1.enum
6.12 jump.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int ArSize = 80;
int main()
{
char line[ArSize];
int spaces = 0;
cout << "Enter a line of text:\n";
cin.get(line, ArSize);
cout << "Complete line:\n" << line << endl;
cout << "Line through first period:\n";
for (int i = 0; line[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
cout << line[i];
if (line[i] == '.')
break;
if (line[i] != ' ')
continue;
spaces++;
}
cout << "\n" << spaces << " spaces\n";
cout << "Done.\n";
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
1.break
2.continue
6.13 cinfish.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int Max = 5;
int main()
{
double fish[Max];
cout << "Please enter the weights of your fish.\n";
cout << "You may enter up to " << Max
<< " fish <q to terminate>.\n";
cout << "fish #1: ";
int i = 0;
//cin >> fish[i],当cin在while等测试语句中时，被转为bool类型
//如果输入成功，则值为true，否则为false
while (i < Max && cin >> fish[i])
{
if (++i < Max)//先加后比较
cout << "fish #" << i + 1 << ": ";
}
double total = 0.0;
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
total += fish[j];
if (i == 0)
cout << "No fish\n";
else
cout << total / i << " =average weight of "
<< i << " fish\n";
cout << "Done.\n";
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
- cin >> fish[i],当cin在while等测试语句中时，被转为bool类型，如果输入成功，则值为true，否则为false。
6.14 cingolf.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int Max = 5;
int main()
{
int golf[Max];
cout << "Please enter your golf scores.\n";
cout << "You must enter " << Max << " rounds.\n";
//输入异常处理，cin >> golf[i]为false表示输入错误
//此时!(cin >> golf[i])为true，进入内循环
//cin.clear();重置输入
int i;
for ( i = 0; i < Max; i++)
{
cout << "round #" << i + 1 << ": ";
while (!(cin>>golf[i]))
{
cin.clear();
while (cin.get() != '\n')
continue;
cout << "Please enter a number: ";
}
}
double total = 0.0;
for (i = 0; i < Max; i++)
total += golf[i];
cout << total / Max << " = average score "
<< Max << " rounds\n";
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
1.cin.clear();
6.15 outfile.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>//step1:包含头文件fstream
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char automobile[50];
int year;
double a_price;
double d_price;
ofstream outFile;//step2:创建一个fstream对象
outFile.open("carinfo.txt");//step3：将该fstream对象同一个文件关联起来
cout << "Enter the make and model of automobile: ";
cin.getline(automobile, 50);
cout << "Enter the model year: ";
cin >> year;
cout << "Enter the original asking price: ";
cin >> a_price;
d_price = 0.913 * a_price;
//使用cout显示
cout << fixed;
cout.precision(2);
cout.setf(ios_base::showpoint);
cout << "Make and model: " << automobile << endl;
cout << "Year: " << year << endl;
cout << "Was asking $" << a_price << endl;
cout << "Now asking $" << d_price << endl;
//step4：使用outfile显示
outFile << fixed;
outFile.precision(2);
outFile.setf(ios_base::showpoint);
cout << "Make and model: " << automobile << endl;
cout << "Year: " << year << endl;
cout << "Was asking $" << a_price << endl;
cout << "Now asking $" << d_price << endl;
outFile.close();//step5：结束outFile
return 0;
}
结果
知识点
1.使用文件输出步骤
step1:包含头文件fstream
step2:创建一个fstream对象
step3：将该fstream对象同一个文件关联起来
step4：使用outfile
step5：结束outFile
6.16 sumafile.cpp
代码
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
const int SIZE = 60;
int main()
{
char filename[SIZE];
ifstream inFile;
cout << "Enter name of data file: ";
cin.getline(filename, SIZE);
inFile.open(filename);
//判断是否能打开文件
if (!inFile.is_open())
{
cout << "Could not open the file " << filename << endl;
cout << "Program terminating.\n";
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
double value;
double sum = 0.0;
int count = 0;
//判断是否能读到内容
inFile >> value;
while (inFile.good())//可以读到，进入循环
{
++count;
sum += value;
inFile >> value;
}
//不能读到，异常处理
if (inFile.eof())
cout << "End of file reached.\n";
else if (inFile.fail())
cout << "Input terminated by data mismatch.\n";
else
cout << "Input terminated for unknown reason.\n";
//能读到，通过循环后，显示结果
if (count == 0)
cout << "No data processed.\n";
else
{
cout << "Items read: " << count << endl;
cout << "Sum: " << sum << endl;
cout << "Average: " << sum / count << endl;
}
inFile.close();//关闭
return 0;
}
结果
暂时不知道怎么文件放在什么地方可以读到，先放着。
知识点
1.ifstream inFile用法
总结
继续干
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