Vue中使用keep-alive

1. 作用

在组件切换过程中，将状态保留在内存中，防止重复渲染DOM，减少加载时间及性能消耗，提高用户体验性。

2. 生命周期函数

1. activated
   在 keep-alive 组件激活时调用
   该钩子函数在服务器渲染期间不被调用

2. deactivated
   在keep-alive 组件停用时调用
   该钩子函数在服务器渲染期间不被调用

3.使用

缓存所有页面在app页面

<template>
  <div id="app">
  	<keep-alive>  
      <router-view/>
    </keep-alive>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: 'App'
}
</script>

根据条件缓存页面，在App.vue里面

```javascript
<template>
  <div id="app">
  	// 1. 将缓存 name 为 test 的组件
  	<keep-alive include='test'>
      <router-view/>
    </keep-alive>
	
	// 2. 将缓存 name 为 a 或者 b 的组件，结合动态组件使用
	<keep-alive include='a,b'>
  	  <router-view/>
	</keep-alive>
	
	// 3. 使用正则表达式，需使用 v-bind
	<keep-alive :include='/a|b/'>
  	  <router-view/>
	</keep-alive>	
	
	// 5.动态判断
	<keep-alive :include='includedComponents'>
  	  <router-view/>
	</keep-alive>
	
	// 5. 将不缓存 name 为 test 的组件
	<keep-alive exclude='test'>
  	  <router-view/>
	</keep-alive>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: 'App'
}
</script>

结合Router，缓存部分页面

```javascript
import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'
const Home = resolve => require(['@/components/home/home'], resolve)
const Goods = resolve => require(['@/components/home/goods'], resolve)
const Ratings = resolve => require(['@/components/home/ratings'], resolve)
const Seller = resolve => require(['@/components/home/seller'], resolve)

Vue.use(Router)

export default new Router({
  mode: 'history',
  routes: [
    {
      path: '/',
      name: 'home',
      component: Home,
      redirect: 'goods',
      children: [
        {
          path: 'goods',
          name: 'goods',
          component: Goods,
          meta: {
        	keepAlive: false // 不需要缓存
      	  }
        },
        {
          path: 'ratings',
          name: 'ratings',
          component: Ratings,
          meta: {
        	keepAlive: true  // 需要缓存
      	  }
        },
        {
          path: 'seller',
          name: 'seller',
          component: Seller,
          meta: {
        	keepAlive: true  // 需要缓存
      	  }
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
})

在app.vue中

<template>
  <div id="app">
  	<keep-alive>
      <router-view v-if="$route.meta.keepAlive"></router-view>
    </keep-alive>
    <router-view v-if="!$route.meta.keepAlive"></router-view>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: 'App'
}
</script>