本题要求实现带头结点的链式表操作集。
函数接口定义:
List MakeEmpty();
Position Find( List L, ElementType X );
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P );
bool Delete( List L, Position P );
其中List结构定义如下:
typedef struct LNode *PtrToLNode;
struct LNode {
ElementType Data;
PtrToLNode Next;
};
typedef PtrToLNode Position;
typedef PtrToLNode List;
各个操作函数的定义为:
List MakeEmpty():创建并返回一个空的线性表;
Position Find( List L, ElementType X ):返回线性表中X的位置。若找不到则返回ERROR;
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P ):将X插入在位置P指向的结点之前,返回true。如果参数P指向非法位置,则打印“Wrong Position for Insertion”,返回false;
bool Delete( List L, Position P ):将位置P的元素删除并返回true。若参数P指向非法位置,则打印“Wrong Position for Deletion”并返回false。
裁判测试程序样例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define ERROR NULL
typedef enum {false, true} bool;
typedef int ElementType;
typedef struct LNode *PtrToLNode;
struct LNode {
ElementType Data;
PtrToLNode Next;
};
typedef PtrToLNode Position;
typedef PtrToLNode List;
List MakeEmpty();
Position Find( List L, ElementType X );
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P );
bool Delete( List L, Position P );
int main()
{
List L;
ElementType X;
Position P;
int N;
bool flag;
L = MakeEmpty();
scanf("%d", &N);
while ( N-- ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
flag = Insert(L, X, L->Next);
if ( flag==false ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
}
scanf("%d", &N);
while ( N-- ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
P = Find(L, X);
if ( P == ERROR )
printf("Finding Error: %d is not in.\n", X);
else {
flag = Delete(L, P);
printf("%d is found and deleted.\n", X);
if ( flag==false )
printf("Wrong Answer.\n");
}
}
flag = Insert(L, X, NULL);
if ( flag==false ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
else
printf("%d is inserted as the last element.\n", X);
P = (Position)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));
flag = Insert(L, X, P);
if ( flag==true ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
flag = Delete(L, P);
if ( flag==true ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
for ( P=L->Next; P; P = P->Next ) printf("%d ", P->Data);
return 0;
}
/* 你的代码将被嵌在这里 */
输入样例:
6
12 2 4 87 10 2
4
2 12 87 5
输出样例:
2 is found and deleted.
12 is found and deleted.
87 is found and deleted.
Finding Error: 5 is not in.
5 is inserted as the last element.
Wrong Position for Insertion
Wrong Position for Deletion
10 4 2 5
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define ERROR NULL
typedef enum {false, true} bool;
typedef int ElementType;
typedef struct LNode *PtrToLNode;
struct LNode {
ElementType Data;
PtrToLNode Next;
};
typedef PtrToLNode Position;
typedef PtrToLNode List;
List MakeEmpty();
Position Find( List L, ElementType X );
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P );
bool Delete( List L, Position P );
int main()
{
List L;
ElementType X;
Position P;
int N;
bool flag;
L = MakeEmpty();
scanf("%d", &N);
while ( N-- ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
flag = Insert(L, X, L->Next);
if ( flag==false ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
}
scanf("%d", &N);
while ( N-- ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
P = Find(L, X);
if ( P == ERROR )
printf("Finding Error: %d is not in.\n", X);
else {
flag = Delete(L, P);
printf("%d is found and deleted.\n", X);
if ( flag==false )
printf("Wrong Answer.\n");
}
}
flag = Insert(L, X, NULL);
if ( flag==false ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
else
printf("%d is inserted as the last element.\n", X);
P = (Position)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));
flag = Insert(L, X, P);
if ( flag==true ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
flag = Delete(L, P);
if ( flag==true ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
for ( P=L->Next; P; P = P->Next ) printf("%d ", P->Data);
return 0;
}
///创建并返回一个空的线性表;
List MakeEmpty(){
//分配空间
List head = (List)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));
//设置数据和指向
head->Data = 0;
head->Next = NULL;
return head;
}
///返回线性表中X的位置。若找不到则返回ERROR;
Position Find( List L, ElementType X ){
while(L->Next != NULL){
if(L->Next->Data == X){
return L->Next;
}
L = L->Next;
}
return ERROR;
}
/**将X插入在位置P指向的结点之前,返回true。如果参数P指向非法位置,
则打印“Wrong Position for Insertion”,返回false;*/
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P ){
List apply = NULL;
while(L->Next != P && L->Next != NULL)
L = L->Next;
if(L->Next == NULL && P != NULL){
//如果已经到了链尾,说明P肯定不在链表里,而此时P又不为NULL,则一定是P出现了错误
printf("Wrong Position for Insertion\n");
return false;
}else{
//有三种情况:第一种L->Next!=NULL,P!=NULL是普通情况
//第二种L->Next!=NULL,P==NULL 这种情况不存在,
//因为若P==NULL,则退出while循环后L->Next或者走到L->Next=NULL或者L->Next=P仍为NULL,所以此种情况不存在。
//第三种L->Next==NULL,P==NULL 则插在链表末尾
apply = (List)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));
apply->Data = X;
L->Next = apply;
apply->Next = P;
return true;
}
}
/**将位置P的元素删除并返回true。若参数P指向非法位置,
则打印“Wrong Position for Deletion”并返回false。*/
bool Delete( List L, Position P ){
if(L->Next== NULL||P==NULL){ //如果只有头结点或者删除的位置是NULL,则不能删除
printf("Wrong Position for Deletion\n");
return false;
}
while(L->Next != P && L->Next != NULL)
L = L ->Next;
if(L->Next == NULL){ //P一定在链表上,如果始终没有找到P,则删除错误
printf("Wrong Position for Deletion\n");
return false;
}
else{ //否则删除P
L->Next = P->Next;
free(P);
return true;
}
}