Linux IO 实现打印文件夹下所有非隐藏文件信息，及父子进程实现文件拷贝（子进程先拷贝后半部分，父进程后拷贝前半部分）

1.打印文件夹下文件信息

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>

#define ERR_MSG(msg) do\
{\
    fprintf(stderr,"line:%d\n",__LINE__);\
    perror(msg);\
} while (0);

//str[10]不代表数组，代表指针
//还有另外一个功能，提示用户
char* get_file_permission_improve_4(struct stat buf,char str[10],int size)
{
    //fprintf(stdout,"sizeof str = %ld:",sizeof(str));
    //fprintf(stdout,"文件权限为:");
    mode_t mode = buf.st_mode;
    
    if (size < 10) //权限为9位，还需加上\0
    {
        return NULL;
    }
    
    char per[] = "rwx";
    for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
    {
        if ((mode&(0400>>i))==0)
        {
            putchar('-');
            str[i] = '-';
        } else
        {
            fprintf(stdout,"%c",per[i%3]);
            str[i] = per[i%3];
        }
    }
    //putchar('\n');
    fflush(stdout);

    return str;
    
}

void get_file_type_improve(mode_t mode)
{
    switch (mode&S_IFMT)
    {
        case S_IFSOCK:
            putchar('s');
            break;
        case S_IFLNK:
            putchar('l');
            break;
        case S_IFREG:
            putchar('-');
            break;    
        case S_IFBLK:
            putchar('b');
            break;    
        case S_IFDIR:
            putchar('d');
            break;
        case S_IFCHR:
            putchar('c');
            break;
        case S_IFIFO:
            putchar('p');
            break;

        default:
            fprintf(stdout,"mode错误\n");
            break;
    }
}

void print_uid_name(uid_t uid)
{
    struct passwd *usr =  getpwuid(uid);
    if (NULL == usr)
    {
        ERR_MSG("getpwuid");
        return;
    }
    fprintf(stdout,"%s",usr->pw_name); 
}

void print_gid_name(gid_t gid)
{
    struct group *usr =  getgrgid(gid);
    if (NULL == usr)
    {
        ERR_MSG("getgrgid");
        return;
    }
    fprintf(stdout,"%s",usr->gr_name); 
}

char *get_month(int mon)
{
    switch(mon)
    {
        case 0:
            return "Jan";
            break;
        case 1:
            return "Feb";
            break;
        case 2:
            return "Mar";
            break;
        case 3:
            return "Apr";
            break;
        case 4:
            return "May";
            break;
        case 5:
            return "Jun";
            break;
        case 6:
            return "Jul";
            break;
        case 7:
            return "Aug";
            break;
        case 8:
            return "Sep";
            break;
        case 9:
            return "Oct";
            break;
        case 10:
            return "Nov";
            break;
        case 11:
            return "Dec";
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
}

void print_time(time_t t)
{
    struct tm *info = localtime(&t);
    if (NULL == info)
    {
        ERR_MSG("localtime");
        return;
    }
    printf("%s %02d %02d:%02d",\
    get_month(info->tm_mon),info->tm_mday,\
    info->tm_hour,info->tm_min);
    fflush(stdout); //强制刷新
}





void print_file_info_by_file_name(char *parentdir,char *filename,int size)
{
    //printf("parentdir = %s\n",parentdir);
    char *readir = (char *)malloc(size);
    memset(readir,0,sizeof(readir));
    //拼接全路径
    strcpy(readir,parentdir);
    strcat(readir,filename);
    //printf("readir = %s\n",parentdir);
    struct stat buf;
    if(stat(readir,&buf) < 0)
    {
        ERR_MSG("stat");
        return;
    }
    get_file_type_improve(buf.st_mode);

    char str[10] = {0};
    if(get_file_permission_improve_4(buf,str,sizeof(str))==NULL)
    {
       fprintf(stdout,"获取用户权限失败\n");     
    }
    //fprintf(stdout,"%s",str);
    
    

    //文件的硬链接数
    fprintf(stdout," %ld",buf.st_nlink);

    //文件所属用户名
    //fprintf(stdout,"uid:%d\n",buf.st_uid);
    fprintf(stdout," ");
    print_uid_name(buf.st_uid);

    //文件所属组用户名
    //fprintf(stdout,"gid:%d\n",buf.st_gid);
    fprintf(stdout," ");
    print_gid_name(buf.st_gid);

    //文件的大小
    //fprintf(stdout,"size=%ld\n",buf.st_size);
    fprintf(stdout," %ld ",buf.st_size);

    //文件的时间
    //fprintf(stdout,"time:%ld\n",buf.st_ctime);
    print_time(buf.st_ctime);

    fprintf(stdout," %s\n",filename);

    free(readir);
    readir = NULL;

}





int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    if (argc < 2)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"请输入目录名\n");
        return -1;
    }
    
    //打开一个目录
    DIR* dp = opendir(argv[1]);
    if (NULL == dp)
    {
        perror("opendir");
        return -1;
    }

    /******************begin**************************/
    struct dirent *rp = NULL;
    int i = 1;
    while (1)
    {
        rp = readdir(dp);
        if (NULL == rp)
        {
            if (0==errno) //没有更新errno
            {
                //printf("文件读取完毕\n");
                break;
            } else //更新errno 
            {
                perror("readdir");
                return -1;
            }
            
        }
        //不显示隐藏文件
        //异常文件以.开头
        if ('.' !=(rp->d_name)[0] ) // *(rp->d_name)
        {
            //printf("[%d] %s\n",i++,rp->d_name);
            char *parentdir = NULL;
            parentdir = argv[1];
            int size = sizeof(parentdir) + sizeof(rp->d_name);
            print_file_info_by_file_name(parentdir,rp->d_name,size);
        }
    }
    /******************end***********************/

    if(closedir(dp) < 0)
    {
        perror("closedir");
        return -1;
    }


    return 0;
}

2.父子进程实现各拷一半的文件拷贝功能（子进程先拷贝后半部分，父进程后拷贝前半部分）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <time.h>


int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    if (argc < 3)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"请输入两个文件名，源文件在前，目标文件在后\n");
        return -1;
    }
    
    int fd_src = open(argv[1],O_RDONLY);
    if (fd_src < 0)
    {
        perror("src open");
        return -1;
    }

    int fd_dest = open(argv[2],O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC,0664);
    if (fd_dest < 0)
    {
        perror("dest open");
        return -1;
    }

    /******************main code begin********************/
    //求文件大小
    off_t file_size = lseek(fd_src,0,SEEK_END);
    printf("file_size = %ld\n",file_size);
    int first_half = file_size/2;   //第一部分大小为 0~size/2 ==> 父进程  //size/2 ~ size ==>子进程


    pid_t pid = fork();

    lseek(fd_src,0,SEEK_SET);
  
    if (pid > 0)
    {
        //time_t t1 = time(NULL);
        clock_t t1 = clock();
        printf("进入父进程毫秒值==>%ld\n",t1);
        //父进程代码区域
        sleep(1); //确保子进程先执行
        //父进程拷贝 first_half - file_size
        ssize_t ret;
        char buf[32] = {0};
        

        while ((ret = read(fd_src,buf,sizeof(buf)))>0)
        {
            write(fd_dest,buf,ret);
            //bzero()
        }
        
    } else if(0 == pid)
    {
        //time_t t1 = time(NULL);
        clock_t t1 = clock();
        printf("进入子进程毫秒值==>%ld\n",t1);
        //子进程代码区域
        //子进程拷贝 0-first_half
        ssize_t ret;
        char buf[32] = {0};
        while ((ret = read(fd_src,buf,sizeof(buf)))>0)
        {
            write(fd_dest,buf,ret);
            off_t cur_off = lseek(fd_src,0,SEEK_CUR);
            if (cur_off == first_half)
            {
                break;
            }   
        }

        /*
        //将文件偏移量置为 first_half
        lseek(fd_src,first_half,SEEK_SET);
        lseek(fd_dest,first_half,SEEK_SET);
        */

        //time_t t2 = time(NULL);
        clock_t t2 = clock();
        printf("离开子进程毫秒值==>%ld\n",t2);
        printf("子进程执行耗时==>%ld\n",t2-t1);

    } else
    {
        perror("fork");
        return -1;
    }

    /******************main code end********************/
    close(fd_src);
    close(fd_dest);
    
    return 0;
}

各自运行结果