HashSet、LinkedHashSet源码分析

HashSet

public class HashSet<E>
    extends AbstractSet<E>
    implements Set<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
{
    static final long serialVersionUID = -5024744406713321676L;

    private transient HashMap<E,Object> map;

    // 使用一个Object对象作为map的虚拟value
    // Dummy value to associate with an Object in the backing Map
    private static final Object PRESENT = new Object();

    public HashSet() {
        map = new HashMap<>();
    }

    public HashSet(Collection<? extends E> c) {
        map = new HashMap<>(Math.max((int) (c.size()/.75f) + 1, 16));
        addAll(c);
    }

    public HashSet(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
        map = new HashMap<>(initialCapacity, loadFactor);
    }

    public HashSet(int initialCapacity) {
        map = new HashMap<>(initialCapacity);
    }

HashSet内部是使用HashMap来存储数据，用一个Object对象作为map的虚拟value。不允许重复，不保证有序，允许插入null值。HashSet插入，删除，查找等操作均是直接使用HashMap的实现。

public int size() {
    return map.size();
}
public boolean contains(Object o) {
    return map.containsKey(o);
}
public boolean add(E e) {
    return map.put(e, PRESENT)==null;
}
public boolean remove(Object o) {
    return map.remove(o)==PRESENT;
}

与其他集合框架一样，HashSet不允许在迭代过程中对元素进行修改，会抛出ConcurrentModificationException异常。在使用HashSet来存储自定义对象时，应当重写hashCode()方法，参考另一篇博文 java8 HashMap源码分析

LinkedHashSet

LinkedHashSet继承了HashSet，以下是整个类的代码：

public class LinkedHashSet<E>
    extends HashSet<E>
    implements Set<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -2851667679971038690L;

    public LinkedHashSet(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
        super(initialCapacity, loadFactor, true);
    }

    public LinkedHashSet(int initialCapacity) {
        super(initialCapacity, .75f, true);
    }

    public LinkedHashSet() {
        super(16, .75f, true);
    }

    public LinkedHashSet(Collection<? extends E> c) {
        super(Math.max(2*c.size(), 11), .75f, true);
        addAll(c);
    }

    @Override
    public Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
        return Spliterators.spliterator(this, Spliterator.DISTINCT | Spliterator.ORDERED);
    }
}

调用的super构造方法其实就是HashSet的一个包私有的构造方法，由此可以看出LinkedHashSet就是基于LinkedHashMap实现的。有关LinkedHashMap的特性请参考：LinkedHashMap源码分析

/**
*
* ...
* @param dummy ignored (distinguishes this
*             constructor from other int, float constructor.)
*            dummy是一个用于区别其他构造方法的无用参数
* ...
*/
HashSet(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor, boolean dummy) {
      map = new LinkedHashMap<>(initialCapacity, loadFactor);
}