- 设一细金属线的形状可由参数方程 { x = t y = 2 2 3 t 3 2 z = t 2 2 , 0 ≤ t ≤ 2 \begin{cases}x=t\\y=\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}t^{\frac{3}{2}}\\z=\frac{t^2}{2}\end{cases},0\leq t\leq2 ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x=ty=322t23z=2t2,0≤t≤2表示,在t对应点处的密度为 1 1 + t \frac{1}{1+t} 1+t1.求该细金属线的重心坐标.
解:
{ x ′ ( t ) = 1 y ′ ( t ) = 2 t z ′ ( t ) = t , d s = 1 + ( 2 t ) 2 + t 2 = 1 + t \begin{cases}x'(t)=1\\y'(t)=\sqrt{2t}\\z'(t)=t\end{cases},ds=\sqrt{1+(\sqrt{2t})^2+t^2}=1+t ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x′(t)=1y′(t)=2tz′(t)=t,ds=1+(2t)2+t2=1+t
m = ∫ L 1 1 + t d s = ∫ 0 2 d t = 2 m=\int_L\frac{1}{1+t}ds=\int_0^2dt=2 m=∫L1+t1ds=∫02dt=2
x 0 = ∫ L t 1 + t d s m = ∫ 0 2 t d t 2 = 1 x_0=\frac{\int_L\frac{t}{1+t}ds}{m}=\frac{\int_0^2tdt}{2}=1 x0=m∫L1+ttds=2∫02tdt=1
y 0 = ∫ L 2 2 3 t 3 2 1 + t d s m = ∫ 0 2 2 2 3 t 3 2 d t 2 = 16 15 y_0=\frac{\int_L\frac{\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}t^{\frac{3}{2}}}{1+t}ds}{m}=\frac{\int_0^2\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}t^{\frac{3}{2}}dt}{2}=\frac{16}{15} y0=m∫L1+t322t23ds=2∫02322t23dt=1516
z 0 = ∫ L t 2 2 1 + t d s m = ∫ 0 2 t 2 2 d t 2 = 2 3 z_0=\frac{\int_L\frac{\frac{t^2}{2}}{1+t}ds}{m}=\frac{\int_0^2\frac{t^2}{2}dt}{2}=\frac{2}{3} z0=m∫L1+t2t2ds=2∫022t2dt=32
所以重心坐标为 ( 1 , 16 15 , 2 3 ) (1,\frac{16}{15},\frac{2}{3}) (1,1516,32)
求下列曲线积分 - ∫ ( 3 , 4 ) ( 5 , 12 ) x d x + y d y x 2 + y 2 \int_{(3,4)}^{(5,12)}\frac{xdx+ydy}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2}} ∫(3,4)(5,12)x2+y2xdx+ydy,沿不通过坐标原点的积分路径.
解:
因为 ∂ Q ∂ x − ∂ P ∂ y = 0 \frac{\partial Q}{\partial x}-\frac{\partial P}{\partial y}=0 ∂x∂Q−∂y