Python实验十(tkinter编程实例)

课件程序

1.使用tkinter实现计算器程序。实现效果如下

import re
import tkinter
import tkinter.messagebox
root = tkinter.Tk()
#设置窗口大小和位置
root.geometry('300x270+400+100')
#不允许改变窗口的大小
root.resizable(False,False)
root.title('Simple Calculator')
contentVar = tkinter.StringVar(root,'')
contentEntry = tkinter.Entry(root,textvariable = contentVar)
contentEntry['state'] = 'readonly'
contentEntry.place(x=10,y=10,width=280,height=20)

def buttonClick(btn):
    content = contentVar.get()
    if content.startswith('.'):
        content = '0'+ content
    if btn in '123456789':
        content += btn
    elif btn == '.':
        #如果最后一个运算数中已经有小数点，就提示错误
        lastPart = re.split(r'\+|-|\*|/]',content)[-1]
        if '.' in lastPart:
            tkinter.messagebox.showerror('错误','小数点多了')
            return
        else:
            content += btn
    elif btn == 'C':
        #清除整个表达式
        content = ''
    elif btn == '=':
        try:
            #对输入的表达式求值
            content = str(eval(content))
        except:
            tkinter.messagebox.showerror('错误','表达式错误')
            return
    elif btn in operators:
        if content.endswith(operators):
            tkinter.messagebox.showerror('错误','不允许存在连续运算符')
            return
        content += btn
    elif btn == 'Sqrt':
        n = content.split('.')
        if all(map(lambda x:x.isdigit(),n)):
            content  = eval(content) ** 0.5
        else:
            tkinter.messagebox.showerror('错误','表达式错误')
            return
    contentVar.set(content)
#放置清除按钮和等号按钮
btnClear = tkinter.Button(root,text='Clear',command=lambda:buttonClick("C"))
btnClear.place(x=40,y=40,width=80,height=20)
btnCompute = tkinter.Button(root,text='=',command=lambda:buttonClick("="))
btnCompute.place(x=170,y=40,width=80,height=20)
#放置10个数字、小数点和平方根的按钮
digits = list('0123456789.') + ['Sqrt']
index = 0
for row in range(4):
    for col in range(3):
        d = digits[index]
        index += 1
        btnDigit = tkinter.Button(root,
                                    text=d,
command=lambda x=d:buttonClick(x))
        btnDigit.place(x=20+col*70,
                         y=80+row*50,
                             width=50,
                             height=20)
        #放置运算符按钮
operators = ('+','-','*','/','**','//')
for index,operator in enumerate(operators):
    btnOperator = tkinter.Button(root,text=operator,command=lambda x=operator:buttonClick(x))
    btnOperator.place(x=230,y=80+index*30,width=50,height=20)
root.mainloop()

2.安装pillow和qrcode库并编写程序：生成带有图标的二维码，图标为自己设置的照片，扫描后打开某个网站。

import os,qrcode
from PIL import Image
code = qrcode.QRCode(
     version = 5,
     error_correction = qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_H,
     box_size = 10,
     border = 4,)
data = "https://www.baidu.com"
code.add_data(data=data)
code.make(fit= True)
code_img = code.make_image(fill_color="#ff3300", back_color="white")
code_size = code_img.size
code_size_w ,code_size_h = code_size
s = 4
icon = Image.open(r'E:\girl.png')
icon_w,icon_h = int(code_size_w/s) ,int(code_size_h/s)
icon_small = icon.resize( (icon_w ,icon_h) ,Image.ANTIALIAS)
icon_x, icon_y = int( (code_size_w-icon_w)/2 ), int( (code_size_h-icon_h)/2)
code_img.paste( icon_small,(icon_x,icon_y)  )
code_img.show() 
code_img.save("girl_code.jpg")

3.使用tkinter实现抽奖式提问程序。给出人抽奖人员名单，['张三', '李四', '王五', '赵六', '周七', '钱八']，实现如下效果，点击开始，滚动姓名，开始抽奖，点击停，弹出中奖姓名。

import tkinter
import tkinter.messagebox
import random
import threading
import itertools
import time
root = tkinter.Tk()
root.title("随机提问")
root.geometry('260x180+400+300')
root.resizable(False,False)
def closeWindow():
    root.flag = False
    time.sleep(0.1)
    root.destroy()
root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW',closeWindow)
students = ['张三', '李四', '王五', '赵六', '周七', '钱八']
root.flag = False
def switch():
    root.flag = True
    t = students[:]
    random.shuffle(t)
    t = itertools.cycle(t)
    while root.flag:
        lbFirst['text'] = lbSecond['text']
        lbSecond['text'] = lbThird['text']
        lbThird['text'] = next(t)
        time.sleep(0.1)
def btnStartClick():
    t = threading.Thread(target = switch)
    t.start()
    btnStart['state'] = 'disabled'
    btnStop['state'] = 'normal'
btnStart = tkinter.Button(root,
                           text='开始',
                           command=btnStartClick)
btnStart.place(x=30,y=10,width=80,height=20)
def btnStopClick():
    root.flag = False
    time.sleep(0.3)
    tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('恭喜',
                                '本次中奖:'+lbSecond['text'])
    btnStart['state'] = 'normal'
    btnStop['state'] = 'disabled'
btnStop = tkinter.Button(root,
                           text='停',
                           command=btnStopClick)
btnStop['state'] = 'disabled'
btnStop.place(x=150,y=10,width=80,height=20)

lbFirst = tkinter.Label(root,text='')
lbFirst.place(x=80,y=60,width=100,height=20)

lbSecond = tkinter.Label(root,text='')
lbSecond['fg'] = 'red'
lbSecond.place(x=80,y=90,width=100,height=20)

lbThird = tkinter.Label(root,text='')
lbThird.place(x=80,y=120,width=100,height=20)
root.mainloop()