java构造方法

构造方法

构造方法是一种特殊的方法
作用：创建对行

格式：
public class 类名{
	修饰符 类名(参数){
	}
}

功能：主要是完成对象数据的初始化

1.无参构造

package cn.tedu;

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    //构造方法
    public Student(){
        System.out.println("无参构造方法");
    }
    public void show() {
        System.out.println(name+","+age);
    }
}

package cn.tedu;

public class StudentDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s=new Student();
        s.show();
    }
}

2.没有定义构造方法时，系统会给出一个默认的无参数构造方法

package cn.tedu;

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public void show() {
        System.out.println(name+","+age);
    }
}

package cn.tedu;

public class StudentDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s=new Student();
        s.show();
    }
}

3.定义了构造方法时，系统将不在提供无参的构造方法了

package cn.tedu;

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    
    public Student(String name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    public void show() {
        System.out.println(name+","+age);
    }
}

4.如果定义了带参数的构造方法，还要使用无参的构造方法，就必须再写一个无参的构造方法

推荐使用方法：无论是否使用，都手工写无参数构造方法

方法名相同，参数列表不同

package cn.tedu;

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public Student(){}
    public Student(String name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    public Student(int age){
        this.age=age;
    }
    public Student(String name,int age){
        this.name=name;
        this.age=age;
    }
    public void show() {
        System.out.println(name+","+age);
    }
}

package cn.tedu;

public class StudentDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s1=new Student();
        s1.show();

        Student s2=new Student("刘");
        s2.show();

        Student s3=new Student(60);
        s3.show();

        Student s4=new Student("刘",60);
        s4.show();
    }
}

标准类制作

package cn.tedu;

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public Student(){}
    public Student(String name,int age){
        this.name=name;
        this.age=age;
    }
    public void setName(String name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    public String getName(){
        return name;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age=age;
    }
    public int getAge(){
        return age;
    }
    public void show(){
        System.out.println(name+","+age);
    }
}

package cn.tedu;

public class StudentDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //无参构造方法创建对象后使用setXxx()赋值
        Student s1=new Student();
        s1.setName("刘");
        s1.setAge(30);
        s1.show();
        //使用带参数构造方法直接闯进啊带属性值的对象
        Student s2=new Student("刘",30);
        s2.show();
    }
}