Probability and Statistics
combinatorics
Let C(N, K) = 1 for K = 0 or K = N, and C(N, K) = C(N − 1, K) + C(N − 1, K − 1) for N ≥ 1.
Prove that C(N, K) = N!/(K!(N−K)!) for N ≥ 1 and 0 ≤ K ≤ N.
counting
- 掷10次硬币,4次正面朝上的概率是 C(10,4)∗(12)10
- 从52张扑克里随机挑选5张,组成“XXXYY”的概率是 C(4,3)C(4,2)A(5,5)A(52,5)
conditional probability
掷一枚硬币三次,已知其中一次正面朝上,求三次全部正面朝上的概率 0.531−0.53
bayes theorem
A program selects a random integer X like this: a random bit is first generated uniformly.
If the bit is 0, X is drawn uniformly from {0, 1, … , 7}; otherwise, X is drawn uniformly from {0, −1, −2, −3}.
If we get an X from the program with |X| = 1, what is the probability that X is negative?
union/intersection
If P(A) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.4,
what is the maximum possible value of P(A ∩ B)?
0.3
what is the minimum possible value of P(A ∩ B)?
0
what is the maximum possible value of P(A ∪ B)?
0.7
what is the minimum possible value of P(A ∪ B)?
0.4
linear algebra
rank
2
inverse
[A|E] -> [E|A^-1]
[0.125 -0.625 0.750
-0.25 0.75 -0.50
0.375 -0.375 0.250 ]