一.广播简介![](https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170713202207208?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvWXVIdWlMaW5n/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center)
二.广播实现(自定义广播接受者和发送者)
(案例)具体实现代码:
1.自定义广播发送者及接受者+无序
新建3个Module,一个发送者,两个接收者1号和2号
(1).广播发送者
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.zking.android21_sender.MainActivity">
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/et_main_content"
android:hint="请输入要发送的内容"
/>
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="发送"
android:onClick="send"
/>
</LinearLayout>
MainActivity.java
package com.zking.android21_sender;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
/**
* 案例:1个发送2个接收
* 发广播
*/
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private EditText et_main_content;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
et_main_content = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_content);
}
//点击按钮
public void send(View view){
String content=et_main_content.getText().toString();//拿到广播的内容
//发送广播(两种类型广播:有序广播 无序广播)
Intent intent=new Intent();
//指定广播的名字
intent.setAction("com.zking.android21_sender.Hug");//"本类的包名.随便写"
//指定广播内容
intent.putExtra("content",content);//键,值
//发送无序广播(广播发出去了,要写接收者)
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
}
(2).广播接收者1号
MyReceiver01.java
package com.zking.android21_receiver01;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
/**
* 接收者1号
* 广播生命周期只有1个
*/
public class MyReceiver01 extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//获取广播的名字
String action=intent.getAction();
if("com.zking.android21_sender.Hug".equals(action)){//如果和发送的名字一样,就表示收到了
//获取广播内容
String content=intent.getStringExtra("content");
Log.i("test","广播接受者1号:"+content);
}
}
}
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.zking.android21_receiver01">
<application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name" android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<!--
配置:广播接收者(有两种写法)( 一般专业术语叫注册,不叫配置)
两种注册方式: 动态注册:使用java代码配置(也被称为动态广播)
静态注册:在XML文件中配置
-->
<receiver android:name=".MyReceiver01">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.zking.android21_sender.Hug"></action>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
</application>
</manifest>
strings.xml
<resources>
<string name="app_name">receive01</string>
</resources>
(3).广播接收者2号
MyReceiver02.java
package com.zking.android21_receiver02;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
/**
* 接受者2号
*/
public class MyReceiver02 extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//获取广播的名字
String action=intent.getAction();
if("com.zking.android21_sender.Hug".equals(action)){
//获取广播内容
String content=intent.getStringExtra("content");
Log.i("test","广播接受者2号:"+content);
}
}
}
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.zking.android21_receiver02">
<application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name" android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<receiver android:name=".MyReceiver02">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.zking.android21_sender.Hug"></action>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
</application>
</manifest>
(4). 查看控制台打印效果
2.静态广播与动态广播区别(动态大于静态)
一个动态一个静态的情况下,动态的优先级要高于静态的优先级
a.接收者1号为动态广播(使用java代码配置)
MainActivity.java
package com.zking.android21_receiver01;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
/**
* 动态注册:应用程序一启动,就注册
*
* 都是静态的情况下,谁先安装,谁先运行
* 一个动态一个静态的情况下,动态的优先级要高于静态的优先级
* 静态广播,哪怕应用程序退出也能收到。动态广播,应用程序退出就收不到了。
*/
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private MyReceiver01 myReceiver01;
private IntentFilter intentFilter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
myReceiver01 = new MyReceiver01();
intentFilter = new IntentFilter();//过滤器
intentFilter.addAction("com.zking.android21_sender.Hug");
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
//注册广播
registerReceiver(myReceiver01,intentFilter);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//取消注册 注销
unregisterReceiver(myReceiver01);
}
}
MyReceiver01.java
package com.zking.android21_receiver01;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
/**
* 接收者1号
* 广播生命周期只有1个
*/
public class MyReceiver01 extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//获取广播的名字
String action=intent.getAction();
if("com.zking.android21_sender.Hug".equals(action)){//如果和发送的名字一样,就表示收到了
//获取广播内容
String content=intent.getStringExtra("content");
Log.i("test","广播接受者1号:"+content);
}
}
}
b.接收者2号为静态广播(xml文件中配置)
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.zking.android21_receiver02">
<application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name" android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<receiver android:name=".MyReceiver02">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.zking.android21_sender.Hug"></action>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
</application>
</manifest>
MyReceiver02.java
package com.zking.android21_receiver02;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
/**
* 接受者2号
*/
public class MyReceiver02 extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//获取广播的名字
String action=intent.getAction();
if("com.zking.android21_sender.Hug".equals(action)){
//获取广播内容
String content=intent.getStringExtra("content");
Log.i("test","广播接受者2号:"+content);
}
}
}
c.发送者同上面一样
d.查看控制台运行效果
区别:静态广播,哪怕应用程序退出也能收到。动态广播,应用程序退出就收不到了。
3.黏性广播(了解)(有序黏性 无序黏性)
应用程序退出控制台就收不到,应用程序一打开控制台就收到了,有点像QQ离线消息
MainActivity.java
关键代码
sendStickyBroadcast(intent);
AndroidManifest.xml
关键代码
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY"></uses-permission>