《笨方法学习python3》练习5: More Variables and Printing

EX5: More Variables and Printing

• 例子：

  my_name = 'Zed A. Shaw'
  my_age = 35 # not a lie
  my_height = 74 # inches
  my_weight = 180 # lbs
  my_eyes = 'Blue'
  my_teeth = 'White'
  my_hair = 'Brown'
  
  print(f"Let's talk about {my_name}.")
  print(f"He's {my_height} centimeters tall.")
  print(f"He's {my_weight} kilograms heavy.")
  print(f"Actually that's not too heavy.")
  print(f"He's got {my_eyes} eyes and {my_hair} hair.")
  print(f"His teeth are usually {my_teeth} depending on the coffee.")
  
  # this line is tricky, try to get it exactly right
  total = my_age + my_height + my_weight
  print(f"If I add {my_age}, {my_height}, and {my_weight} I get {total}.")
  

• 学习内容：f；+；round()

  • f

    • 变量字符串格式化输出，将变量值融入句子中成为新的字符串输出

    • 会将变量值类型转化为字符串输出

    • f不能嵌套

  • +

    • 加法运算；连接字符串

      输入：

      a = 1
      b = 2
      c = "hello"
      d = "world"
      
      print("a + b = ", a + b)
      print("c + d = ", c + d)
      

      结果：

      a + b =  3
      c + d =  helloworld
      

      注意：不能将数字与字符串用 + 相连，会报错。

  • round()

    • 四舍五入取整
    • print(round(1.777)) 输出 2

• 深入练习（Study Drills）

  • 去掉变量名中的my_，将数据转化为厘米和千克，并取整

    输入：

    name = 'Zed A. Shaw'
    age = 35 # not a lie
    height = 2.54 * 74 # inches
    weight = 0.4535924 * 180 # lbs
    eyes = 'Blue'
    teeth = 'White'
    hair = 'Brown'
    
    print(f"Let's talk about {name}.")
    print(f"He's {round(height)} centimeters tall.")
    print(f"He's {round(weight)} kilograms heavy.")
    print(f"Actually that's not too heavy.")
    print(f"He's got {eyes} eyes and {hair} hair.")
    print(f"His teeth are usually {teeth} depending on the coffee.")
    
    # this line is tricky, try to get it exactly right
    total = age + height + weight
    print(f"If I add {age}, {height}, and {weight} I get {total}.")
    

    结果：

    Let's talk about Zed A. Shaw.
    He's 188 centimeters tall.
    He's 82 kilograms heavy.
    Actually that's not too heavy.
    He's got Blue eyes and Brown hair.
    His teeth are usually White depending on the coffee.
    If I add 35, 187.96, and 81.646632 I get 304.606632.
    

    round(height)会对height的数值四舍五入取整，188

    height直接输出的为计算结果值，187.96

• 改变代码（寻找可能情况及错误）

  • f嵌套

    输入：

    my_age = 35
    my_height = 74
    my_weight = 180
    
    print(f"{my_height},f"{my_age}"")
    

    结果：

    PS F:\python\hard way 练习> python ex5.py
      File "ex5.py", line 24
      print(f"{my_height},f"{my_age}"")
                              ^
    SyntaxError: invalid syntax
    

    语法错误：无效语法。

  • +连接

    输入：

    my_name = 'zed'
    my_eyes = 'blue'
    my_height = 74 
    my_weight = 180 
    
    print(f"{my_height + my_weight}")
    print(f"{my_height} + {my_weight}")
    print(f"{my_height}" + f"{my_weight}")
    print(f"{my_name + my_eyes}")
    print(f"{my_name} + {my_eyes}")
    

    结果：

    254
    74 + 180
    74180
    zedblue
    zed + blue
    

    结果中，

    第一行，两个数字类型的变量会做加法运算，+为加号的意思。

    第二行，两个数字变量在两个大括号中，在f-string的作用下会引用变量值并和加号一起输出，+为字符串，没有加和或者连接的作用。

    第三行，通过两个f-string的作用，两个数字变量分别变成字符串类型，+为连接作用，连接两个字符串。

    第四行，在这里，+为连接作用，连接两个字符串。

    第五行，+作为字符串输出，不起任何作用。

我的GitHub中有详细的代码下载：https://github.com/YukyCookie/learn-python-three-the-hard-way.git