一个简单的2D游戏

一个简单的2D游戏，使用C++和SDL库实现，主要包含游戏循环、精灵、碰撞检测、基本控制等功能。

首先安装SDL库并设置开发环境，然后在代码中添加以下头文件：

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#include <SDL.h>
#include <SDL_image.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

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接着定义一些全局变量：

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const int SCREEN_WIDTH = 640;
const int SCREEN_HEIGHT = 480;
const int SPRITE_SIZE = 32;

SDL_Window* gWindow = nullptr;
SDL_Renderer* gRenderer = nullptr;

bool gQuitGame = false;
bool gKeyDown[SDL_NUM_SCANCODES] = { false };

struct Sprite
{
    SDL_Texture* texture;
    SDL_Rect rect;
};

std::vector<Sprite> gSprites;
Sprite gPlayerSprite;

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定义一个初始化函数用于加载图像及创建精灵：

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bool Init()
{
    // 初始化SDL库
    if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0)
    {
        std::cout << "SDL could not initialize! SDL_Error: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    // 创建窗口
    gWindow = SDL_CreateWindow("2D Game", SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
    if (gWindow == nullptr)
    {
        std::cout << "Window could not be created! SDL_Error: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    // 创建渲染器
    gRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(gWindow, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
    if (gRenderer == nullptr)
    {
        std::cout << "Renderer could not be created! SDL_Error: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    // 初始化SDL_image库
    int imgFlags = IMG_INIT_PNG;
    if (!(IMG_Init(imgFlags) & imgFlags))
    {
        std::cout << "SDL_image could not initialize! SDL_Image Error: " << IMG_GetError() << std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    // 创建纹理
    SDL_Surface* surface = IMG_Load("player.png");
    if (surface == nullptr)
    {
        std::cout << "Could not load player.png! SDL_Error: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    gPlayerSprite.texture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(gRenderer, surface);
    if (gPlayerSprite.texture == nullptr)
    {
        std::cout << "Could not create player texture! SDL_Error: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    SDL_FreeSurface(surface);

    gPlayerSprite.rect.x = SCREEN_WIDTH / 2;
    gPlayerSprite.rect.y = SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2;
    gPlayerSprite.rect.w = SPRITE_SIZE;
    gPlayerSprite.rect.h = SPRITE_SIZE;

    return true;
}

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接着定义一个碰撞检测函数：

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bool Collides(SDL_Rect a, SDL_Rect b)
{
    if ((a.x + a.w) > b.x && a.x < (b.x + b.w) && (a.y + a.h) > b.y && a.y < (b.y + b.h))
    {
        return true;
    }

    return false;
}

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定义一个精灵渲染函数：

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void RenderSprite(SDL_Texture* texture, SDL_Rect rect)
{
    SDL_RenderCopy(gRenderer, texture, nullptr, &rect);
}

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定义一个游戏循环：

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void GameLoop()
{
    while (!gQuitGame)
    {
        SDL_Event e;
        while (SDL_PollEvent(&e))
        {
            if (e.type == SDL_QUIT)
            {
                gQuitGame = true;
            }
            else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN)
            {
                gKeyDown[e.key.keysym.scancode] = true;
            }
            else if (e.type == SDL_KEYUP)
            {
                gKeyDown[e.key.keysym.scancode] = false;
            }
        }

        // 移动玩家精灵
        if (gKeyDown[SDL_SCANCODE_LEFT])
        {
            gPlayerSprite.rect.x -= 5;
        }
        else if (gKeyDown[SDL_SCANCODE_RIGHT])
        {
            gPlayerSprite.rect.x += 5;
        }
        else if (gKeyDown[SDL_SCANCODE_UP])
        {
            gPlayerSprite.rect.y -= 5;
        }
        else if (gKeyDown[SDL_SCANCODE_DOWN])
        {
            gPlayerSprite.rect.y += 5;
        }

        // 碰撞检测
        for (int i = 0; i < gSprites.size(); i++)
        {
            if (Collides(gPlayerSprite.rect, gSprites[i].rect))
            {
                std::cout << "Collision detected with sprite " << i << std::endl;
            }
        }

        // 渲染游戏场景
        SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(gRenderer, 255, 255, 255, 255);
        SDL_RenderClear(gRenderer);

        for (int i = 0; i < gSprites.size(); i++)
        {
            RenderSprite(gSprites[i].texture, gSprites[i].rect);
        }

        RenderSprite(gPlayerSprite.texture, gPlayerSprite.rect);

        SDL_RenderPresent(gRenderer);
    }
}

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最后在main函数中调用这些函数即可：

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int main(int argc, char* args[])
{
    if (!Init())
    {
        return -1;
    }

    GameLoop();

    SDL_DestroyRenderer(gRenderer);
    SDL_DestroyWindow(gWindow);
    IMG_Quit();
    SDL_Quit();

    return 0;
}