一、什么是防抖和节流
防抖(debounce):每次触发定时器后,取消上一个定时器,然后重新触发定时器。防抖一般用于用户未知行为的优化,比如搜索框输入弹窗提示,因为用户接下来要输入的内容都是未知的,所以每次用户输入就弹窗是没有意义的,需要等到用户输入完毕后再进行弹窗提示。
节流(throttle):每次触发定时器后,直到这个定时器结束之前无法再次触发。一般用于可预知的用户行为的优化,比如为scroll事件的回调函数添加定时器。
二、手写
防抖:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<button id="btn">clickMe</button>
</body>
<script>
let btn = document.getElementById('btn')
function debounce(fn,delay=200){
let timer = null
return function(...args){
if(timer){
clearTimeout(timer)
timer = null
}
timer = setTimeout(()=>{
fn.apply(this,args)
clearTimeout(timer)
timer = null
},delay)
}
}
btn.addEventListener('click', debounce((e) => {
console.log(e.target)
}, 1000))
</script>
</html>
节流:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<button id="btn">clickMe</button>
</body>
<script>
let btn = document.getElementById('btn')
function throttle(fn,delay=200){
let flag = true
return function(...args){
if(!flag){
return
}
flag = false
setTimeout(()=>{
fn.apply(this,args)
flag = true
},delay)
}
}
btn.addEventListener('click', throttle((e) => {
console.log(1)
}, 1000))
</script>
</html>