基于米联客MA703FA开发板的MicroBlaze LWIP千兆以太网例程

Xilinx FPGA MicroBlaze使用AXI 1G/2.5G Ethernet Subsystem（= Tri Mode Ethernet MAC + AXI Ethernet Buffer）以太网IP核驱动RTL8211FD千兆网口，并使用lwip2.1.2协议栈建立http服务器，支持IPv6

Xilinx Vivado 2020.1工程下载地址：百度网盘 请输入提取码（提取码：a4ns）

如果是自己建工程的话，添加完lwip后，需要把/${ProjName}/src/lwip-2.1.2/include添加到头文件包含路径中，否则会提示很多变量和函数未定义。

Xilinx Vitis 2020.1添加include头文件包含路径的方法_ZLK1214的专栏-CSDN博客

【开发板】

开发板型号：米联客MA703FA
FPGA型号：XC7A35TFGG484-2
晶振频率：50MHz
DDR3内存型号：MT41K128M16（容量为256MB）
PHY芯片型号：RTL8211FD（RGMII接口，千兆以太网PHY芯片）

XC7A35T只有20800个LUT，资源非常紧张，建议换用XC7A50T或者XC7A100T。

【网口LED灯配置】

插上网线后，绿灯常亮。拔掉网线后，绿灯熄灭。
链路支持EEE节能：有数据传输，黄灯闪烁，否则熄灭
链路不支持EEE节能：有数据传输，黄灯闪烁，否则常亮

具体配置方法见ethernetif.c的low_level_init函数。（RTL8211千兆网PHY芯片LED灯配置_ZLK1214的专栏-CSDN博客_rtl8211）

【程序功能展示】

1. ping通开发板的NetBIOS设备名，IPv4地址和IPv6地址：

2. 访问开发板上的http服务器（设备名方式、IPv6方式）：

3. 在路由器管理页面看到开发板的信息：

4. PHY芯片自动协商网口速率和双工模式，程序带网口热插拔检测：

5. DHCP获取IPv4地址，SLAAC获取IPv6地址：

【开发环境】

Verilog开发环境：Xilinx Vivado 2020.1

从中可以看到，LUT资源占了将近90%。

C语言开发环境：Xilinx Vitis 2020.1

【Block Design连线】

Vitis sleep()函数所用的定时器的设置方法：

【主要程序代码】

hello_world.c：

/******************************************************************************
*
* Copyright (C) 2009 - 2014 Xilinx, Inc.  All rights reserved.
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* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* Use of the Software is limited solely to applications:
* (a) running on a Xilinx device, or
* (b) that interact with a Xilinx device through a bus or interconnect.
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* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
* XILINX  BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
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* OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
* SOFTWARE.
*
* Except as contained in this notice, the name of the Xilinx shall not be used
* in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings in
* this Software without prior written authorization from Xilinx.
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******************************************************************************/

/*
 * helloworld.c: simple test application
 *
 * This application configures UART 16550 to baud rate 9600.
 * PS7 UART (Zynq) is not initialized by this application, since
 * bootrom/bsp configures it to baud rate 115200
 *
 * ------------------------------------------------
 * | UART TYPE   BAUD RATE                        |
 * ------------------------------------------------
 *   uartns550   9600
 *   uartlite    Configurable only in HW design
 *   ps7_uart    115200 (configured by bootrom/bsp)
 */

#include <lwip/apps/httpd.h>
#include <lwip/apps/netbiosns.h>
#include <lwip/dhcp.h>
#include <lwip/dns.h>
#include <lwip/init.h>
#include <lwip/netif.h>
#include <lwip/timeouts.h>
#include <netif/ethernetif.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <xintc.h>
#include <xparameters.h>
#include <xtmrctr.h>
#include <xuartlite_l.h>
#include "platform.h"

XIntc xintc;
XTmrCtr xtmrctr;
static struct netif netif_rtl8211fd;
static uint32_t sys_ticks;

uint32_t sys_now(void)
{
	return sys_ticks;
}

static void sys_now_handler(void *CallBackRef, u8 TmrCtrNumber)
{
	if (TmrCtrNumber == 1)
		sys_ticks++;
}

void sys_now_init(void)
{
	int ret;

#ifndef XSLEEP_TIMER_IS_AXI_TIMER
// 请在platform工程的platform.spr里面, 将sleep_timer设为axi_timer_0
// 此定时器的Timer 1用于sleep()函数, Timer 2用于sys_now()函数
#error "sleep() function cannot work!"
#endif

	// 初始化中断控制器
	ret = XIntc_Initialize(&xintc, XPAR_INTC_0_DEVICE_ID);
	LWIP_ASSERT("Intc initialized", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
	ret = XIntc_Start(&xintc, XIN_REAL_MODE);
	LWIP_ASSERT("Intc started", ret == XST_SUCCESS);

	Xil_ExceptionInit();
	Xil_ExceptionRegisterHandler(XIL_EXCEPTION_ID_INT, (Xil_ExceptionHandler)XIntc_InterruptHandler, &xintc);
	Xil_ExceptionEnable();

	// 初始化定时器
	ret = XTmrCtr_Initialize(&xtmrctr, XPAR_TMRCTR_0_DEVICE_ID);
	LWIP_ASSERT("Timer initialized", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
	ret = XTmrCtr_SelfTest(&xtmrctr, 1);
	LWIP_ASSERT("Timer self test passed", ret == XST_SUCCESS);

	// 启动定时器
	// TIMING_INTERVAL = (TLRx + 2) * AXI_CLOCK_PERIOD
	XTmrCtr_SetOptions(&xtmrctr, 1, XTC_AUTO_RELOAD_OPTION | XTC_DOWN_COUNT_OPTION | XTC_INT_MODE_OPTION);
	XTmrCtr_SetResetValue(&xtmrctr, 1, XPAR_TMRCTR_0_CLOCK_FREQ_HZ / 1000 - 2); // 计时频率为1ms
	XTmrCtr_SetHandler(&xtmrctr, sys_now_handler, NULL);
	XTmrCtr_Start(&xtmrctr, 1);

	// 开启定时器中断
	ret = XIntc_Connect(&xintc, XPAR_INTC_0_TMRCTR_0_VEC_ID, (XInterruptHandler)XTmrCtr_InterruptHandler, &xtmrctr);
	LWIP_ASSERT("Timer interrupt connected", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
	XIntc_Enable(&xintc, XPAR_INTC_0_TMRCTR_0_VEC_ID);
}

static void display_ip(void)
{
	const ip_addr_t *addr;
	static uint8_t ip_displayed = 0;
	static uint8_t ip6_displayed = 0;
	int i, ip_present;
	int dns = 0;

	if (netif_dhcp_data(&netif_rtl8211fd) == NULL)
		ip_present = 1; // 使用静态IP地址
	else if (dhcp_supplied_address(&netif_rtl8211fd))
		ip_present = 2; // 使用DHCP获得IP地址, 且已成功获取到IP地址
	else
		ip_present = 0; // 使用DHCP获得IP地址, 且还没有获取到IP地址

	// 显示IPv4地址
	if (ip_present)
	{
		if (ip_displayed == 0)
		{
			ip_displayed = 1;

			if (ip_present == 2)
				printf("DHCP supplied address!\n");
			printf("IP address: %s\n", ipaddr_ntoa(&netif_rtl8211fd.ip_addr));
			printf("Subnet mask: %s\n", ipaddr_ntoa(&netif_rtl8211fd.netmask));
			printf("Default gateway: %s\n", ipaddr_ntoa(&netif_rtl8211fd.gw));
			dns = 1;
		}
	}
	else
		ip_displayed = 0;

	// 显示IPv6地址
	for (i = 1; i < LWIP_IPV6_NUM_ADDRESSES; i++) // 0号地址是本地链路地址, 不需要显示
	{
		if (ip6_addr_isvalid(netif_ip6_addr_state(&netif_rtl8211fd, i)))
		{
			if ((ip6_displayed & _BV(i)) == 0)
			{
				ip6_displayed |= _BV(i);
				printf("IPv6 address %d: %s\n", i, ipaddr_ntoa(netif_ip_addr6(&netif_rtl8211fd, i)));
				dns = 1;
			}
		}
		else
			ip6_displayed &= ~_BV(i);
	}

	// 显示DNS服务器地址
	// 在lwip中, IPv4 DHCP和IPv6 SLAAC获取到的DNS地址会互相覆盖
	if (dns)
	{
		addr = dns_getserver(0);
		if (ip_addr_isany(addr))
			return;
		printf("DNS Server: %s", ipaddr_ntoa(addr));

		addr = dns_getserver(1);
		if (!ip_addr_isany(addr))
			printf(" %s", ipaddr_ntoa(addr));

		printf("\n");
	}
}

static void net_config(int use_dhcp)
{
	ip4_addr_t ipaddr, netmask, gw;
	struct netif *netif;

	if (use_dhcp)
		netif_add_noaddr(&netif_rtl8211fd, NULL, ethernetif_init, netif_input);
	else
	{
		IP4_ADDR(&ipaddr, 192, 168, 0, 19);
		IP4_ADDR(&netmask, 255, 255, 255, 0);
		IP4_ADDR(&gw, 192, 168, 0, 1);
		netif_add(&netif_rtl8211fd, &ipaddr, &netmask, &gw, NULL, ethernetif_init, netif_input);
	}
	netif_set_default(&netif_rtl8211fd);
	netif_set_up(&netif_rtl8211fd);

	if (use_dhcp)
		dhcp_start(&netif_rtl8211fd);

	netif_create_ip6_linklocal_address(&netif_rtl8211fd, 1);
	printf("IPv6 link-local address: %s\n", ipaddr_ntoa(netif_ip_addr6(&netif_rtl8211fd, 0)));
	netif_set_ip6_autoconfig_enabled((netif = &netif_rtl8211fd), 1);
}

int main()
{
	char ch;

	init_platform();

	printf("Hello World\n");
	printf("Successfully ran Hello World application\n");
	sys_now_init();

	lwip_init();
	net_config(1);

	httpd_init();
	netbiosns_init();
	netbiosns_set_name("XC7A35TFGG484-2");

	while (1)
	{
		ethernetif_check_link(&netif_rtl8211fd);
		display_ip();

		ethernetif_input(&netif_rtl8211fd);
		sys_check_timeouts();

		if (!XUartLite_IsReceiveEmpty(XPAR_UARTLITE_0_BASEADDR))
		{
			ch = getchar();
			if (ch == 't')
				printf("sys_now()=%lu\n", sys_now());
		}
	}

	cleanup_platform();
	return 0;
}

ethernetif.c（网口驱动）：
备注：官网lwip2.1版本的压缩包（lwip-2.1.0.zip）中的src/netif文件夹下没有ethernetif.c了，那个文件是被移动到contrib-2.1.0.zip的examples/ethernetif文件夹下去了。

/**
 * @file
 * Ethernet Interface Skeleton
 *
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
 * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
 *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT
 * SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT
 * OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
 * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
 * OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * This file is part of the lwIP TCP/IP stack.
 *
 * Author: Adam Dunkels <adam@sics.se>
 *
 */

/*
 * This file is a skeleton for developing Ethernet network interface
 * drivers for lwIP. Add code to the low_level functions and do a
 * search-and-replace for the word "ethernetif" to replace it with
 * something that better describes your network interface.
 */

#include "lwip/opt.h"

#if 1 /* don't build, this is only a skeleton, see previous comment */

#include "lwip/def.h"
#include "lwip/mem.h"
#include "lwip/pbuf.h"
#include "lwip/stats.h"
#include "lwip/snmp.h"
#include "lwip/ethip6.h"
#include "lwip/etharp.h"
#include "netif/ppp/pppoe.h"

#include <netif/ethernetif.h>
#include <xaxidma.h>
#include <xaxiethernet.h>

/* Define those to better describe your network interface. */
#define IFNAME0 'e'
#define IFNAME1 'n'

/**
 * Helper struct to hold private data used to operate your ethernet interface.
 * Keeping the ethernet address of the MAC in this struct is not necessary
 * as it is already kept in the struct netif.
 * But this is only an example, anyway...
 */
struct ethernetif {
  struct eth_addr *ethaddr;
  /* Add whatever per-interface state that is needed here. */
  XAxiDma_Config *xaxidma_cfg;
  XAxiEthernet_Config *xaxieth_cfg;
  XAxiDma_BdRing *rxring;
  XAxiDma_BdRing *txring;
  int rx_i;
  int tx_i;
};

/* Forward declarations. */
//static void  ethernetif_input(struct netif *netif);

XAxiDma xaxidma;
XAxiEthernet xaxieth;

// 收发描述符和缓冲区
#define RX_NUM 10
#define TX_NUM 10
static __attribute__((aligned(XAXIDMA_BD_MINIMUM_ALIGNMENT))) uint8_t dma_bdring_rx[RX_NUM][XAXIDMA_BD_MINIMUM_ALIGNMENT];
static __attribute__((aligned(XAXIDMA_BD_MINIMUM_ALIGNMENT))) uint8_t dma_bdring_tx[TX_NUM][XAXIDMA_BD_MINIMUM_ALIGNMENT];
static __attribute__((aligned(4))) uint8_t dma_buffer_rx[RX_NUM][1600];
static __attribute__((aligned(4))) uint8_t dma_buffer_tx[TX_NUM][1600];

// 网口LED灯的序号
#define GREEN_LED 2 // 绿灯是LED2
#define YELLOW_LED 1 // 黄灯是LED1

/**
 * In this function, the hardware should be initialized.
 * Called from ethernetif_init().
 *
 * @param netif the already initialized lwip network interface structure
 *        for this ethernetif
 */
static void
low_level_init(struct netif *netif)
{
  struct ethernetif *ethernetif = netif->state;
  int i, ret;
  uint16_t temp;
  XAxiDma_Bd *bd, *p;

  /* set MAC hardware address length */
  netif->hwaddr_len = ETHARP_HWADDR_LEN;

  /* set MAC hardware address */
  // 设置MAC地址
  netif->hwaddr[0] = 0x00;
  netif->hwaddr[1] = 0x0a;
  netif->hwaddr[2] = 0x35;
  netif->hwaddr[3] = 0x00;
  netif->hwaddr[4] = 0x01;
  netif->hwaddr[5] = 0x02;
  printf("MAC address: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X\n", netif->hwaddr[0], netif->hwaddr[1], netif->hwaddr[2], netif->hwaddr[3], netif->hwaddr[4], netif->hwaddr[5]);

  /* maximum transfer unit */
  netif->mtu = 1500;

  /* device capabilities */
  /* don't set NETIF_FLAG_ETHARP if this device is not an ethernet one */
  netif->flags = NETIF_FLAG_BROADCAST | NETIF_FLAG_ETHARP/* | NETIF_FLAG_LINK_UP*/; // 初始状态下认为网线还没有插
  netif->flags |= NETIF_FLAG_MLD6; // 启用IPv6多播

#if LWIP_IPV6 && LWIP_IPV6_MLD
  /*
   * For hardware/netifs that implement MAC filtering.
   * All-nodes link-local is handled by default, so we must let the hardware know
   * to allow multicast packets in.
   * Should set mld_mac_filter previously. */
  if (netif->mld_mac_filter != NULL) {
    ip6_addr_t ip6_allnodes_ll;
    ip6_addr_set_allnodes_linklocal(&ip6_allnodes_ll);
    netif->mld_mac_filter(netif, &ip6_allnodes_ll, NETIF_ADD_MAC_FILTER);
  }
#endif /* LWIP_IPV6 && LWIP_IPV6_MLD */

  /* Do whatever else is needed to initialize interface. */
  // 初始化DMA
  ethernetif->xaxidma_cfg = XAxiDma_LookupConfig(XPAR_AXIDMA_0_DEVICE_ID);
  XAxiDma_CfgInitialize(&xaxidma, ethernetif->xaxidma_cfg);
  ret = XAxiDma_Selftest(&xaxidma);
  LWIP_ASSERT("DMA self test passed", ret == XST_SUCCESS);

  if (!XAxiDma_HasSg(&xaxidma))
  {
    printf("XPAR_AXIDMA_0_INCLUDE_SG=%d\n", XPAR_AXIDMA_0_INCLUDE_SG);
    printf("Please recreate and build Vitis platform project!\n");
    LWIP_ASSERT("DMA has SG", 0);
  }

  // 初始化ETH
  ethernetif->xaxieth_cfg = XAxiEthernet_LookupConfig(XPAR_AXIETHERNET_0_DEVICE_ID);
  XAxiEthernet_CfgInitialize(&xaxieth, ethernetif->xaxieth_cfg, ethernetif->xaxieth_cfg->BaseAddress);
  XAxiEthernet_SetMacAddress(&xaxieth, netif->hwaddr);
  // 请注意: 必须先初始化DMA, 后初始化ETH, 顺序不能反
  // 这是因为DMA在复位的时候, ETH会跟着复位

  // 启用IPv4和IPv6多播
  XAxiEthernet_SetOptions(&xaxieth, XAE_MULTICAST_OPTION);
  LWIP_ASSERT("NumTableEntries >= 2", ethernetif->xaxieth_cfg->NumTableEntries >= 2);
  // IPv4多播MAC地址: 01:00:5E:*:*:*
  XAxiEthernet_MulticastAdd(&xaxieth, "\x01\x00\x5e\x00\x00\x00", 0);
  XAxiEthernet_WriteReg(ethernetif->xaxieth_cfg->BaseAddress, 0x750, 0xffffff);
  XAxiEthernet_WriteReg(ethernetif->xaxieth_cfg->BaseAddress, 0x754, 0);
  // IPv6多播MAC地址: 33:33:*:*:*:*
  XAxiEthernet_MulticastAdd(&xaxieth, "\x33\x33\x00\x00\x00\x00", 1);
  XAxiEthernet_WriteReg(ethernetif->xaxieth_cfg->BaseAddress, 0x750, 0xffff);
  XAxiEthernet_WriteReg(ethernetif->xaxieth_cfg->BaseAddress, 0x754, 0);

  // 配置网口LED灯
  XAxiEthernet_PhyWrite(&xaxieth, PHY_ADDR, 31, 0xd04);
  temp = 0x0b << (5 * GREEN_LED); // 绿灯表示连接状态
  temp |= 0x1b << (5 * YELLOW_LED); // 黄灯表示数据包收发状态
  XAxiEthernet_PhyWrite(&xaxieth, PHY_ADDR, 0x10, temp);
  temp = _BV(YELLOW_LED + 1); // 绿灯不指示EEE节能状态, 插了网线后灯要常亮
                              // 但黄灯要指示EEE节能状态, 没有数据包时灯要熄灭
  XAxiEthernet_PhyWrite(&xaxieth, PHY_ADDR, 0x11, temp);
  XAxiEthernet_PhyWrite(&xaxieth, PHY_ADDR, 31, 0);
  // 插上网线后, 绿灯常亮; 拔掉网线后, 绿灯熄灭
  // 链路支持EEE节能: 有数据传输, 黄灯闪烁, 否则熄灭
  // 链路不支持EEE节能: 有数据传输, 黄灯闪烁, 否则常亮

  // 配置DMA发送描述符
  ethernetif->tx_i = 0;
  ethernetif->txring = XAxiDma_GetTxRing(&xaxidma);
  ret = XAxiDma_BdRingCreate(ethernetif->txring, (uintptr_t)dma_bdring_tx, (uintptr_t)dma_bdring_tx, XAXIDMA_BD_MINIMUM_ALIGNMENT, TX_NUM);
  LWIP_ASSERT("DMA txring created", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
  ret = XAxiDma_BdRingStart(ethernetif->txring);
  LWIP_ASSERT("DMA txring started", ret == XST_SUCCESS);

  // 配置DMA接收描述符
  ethernetif->rx_i = 0;
  ethernetif->rxring = XAxiDma_GetRxRing(&xaxidma);
  ret = XAxiDma_BdRingCreate(ethernetif->rxring, (uintptr_t)dma_bdring_rx, (uintptr_t)dma_bdring_rx, XAXIDMA_BD_MINIMUM_ALIGNMENT, RX_NUM);
  LWIP_ASSERT("DMA rxring created", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
  ret = XAxiDma_BdRingStart(ethernetif->rxring);
  LWIP_ASSERT("DMA rxring started", ret == XST_SUCCESS);

  // 启用所有的接收描述符
  ret = XAxiDma_BdRingAlloc(ethernetif->rxring, RX_NUM, &bd);
  LWIP_ASSERT("DMA rxring allocated all", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
  p = bd;
  for (i = 0; i < RX_NUM; i++)
  {
    XAxiDma_BdSetBufAddr(p, (uintptr_t)dma_buffer_rx[i]);
    XAxiDma_BdSetLength(p, sizeof(dma_buffer_rx[i]), ethernetif->rxring->MaxTransferLen);
    XAxiDma_BdSetCtrl(bd, 0);
    XAxiDma_BdSetId(p, i);
    p = (XAxiDma_Bd *)XAxiDma_BdRingNext(ethernetif->rxring, p);
  }
  ret = XAxiDma_BdRingToHw(ethernetif->rxring, RX_NUM, bd);
  LWIP_ASSERT("DMA rxring brought all", ret == XST_SUCCESS);

  printf("DMA Rx descriptor: %p\n", dma_bdring_rx);
  printf("DMA Tx descriptor: %p\n", dma_bdring_tx);
  printf("DMA Rx buffer: %p\n", dma_buffer_rx);
  printf("DMA Tx buffer: %p\n", dma_buffer_tx);
}

/**
 * This function should do the actual transmission of the packet. The packet is
 * contained in the pbuf that is passed to the function. This pbuf
 * might be chained.
 *
 * @param netif the lwip network interface structure for this ethernetif
 * @param p the MAC packet to send (e.g. IP packet including MAC addresses and type)
 * @return ERR_OK if the packet could be sent
 *         an err_t value if the packet couldn't be sent
 *
 * @note Returning ERR_MEM here if a DMA queue of your MAC is full can lead to
 *       strange results. You might consider waiting for space in the DMA queue
 *       to become available since the stack doesn't retry to send a packet
 *       dropped because of memory failure (except for the TCP timers).
 */

static err_t
low_level_output(struct netif *netif, struct pbuf *p)
{
  struct ethernetif *ethernetif = netif->state;
  struct pbuf *q;
  int ret;
  uint8_t *data = dma_buffer_tx[ethernetif->tx_i];
  XAxiDma_Bd *bd = NULL;

  //initiate transfer();
  LWIP_ASSERT("tx packet too big", p->tot_len <= sizeof(dma_buffer_tx[0]));
  if (netif_is_link_up(netif))
  {
    // 释放不用的描述符
    do
    {
      ret = XAxiDma_BdRingFromHw(ethernetif->txring, XAXIDMA_ALL_BDS, &bd);
      if (ret > 0)
      {
        //printf("%d packet(s) have been sent!\n", ret);
        ret = XAxiDma_BdRingFree(ethernetif->txring, ret, bd);
        LWIP_ASSERT("DMA txring freed some", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
      }
    } while (XAxiDma_BdRingGetFreeCnt(ethernetif->txring) == 0);

    // 分配一个新描述符
    ret = XAxiDma_BdRingAlloc(ethernetif->txring, 1, &bd);
    LWIP_ASSERT("DMA txring allocated one", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
  }

#if ETH_PAD_SIZE
  pbuf_remove_header(p, ETH_PAD_SIZE); /* drop the padding word */
#endif

  for (q = p; q != NULL; q = q->next) {
    /* Send the data from the pbuf to the interface, one pbuf at a
       time. The size of the data in each pbuf is kept in the ->len
       variable. */
    //send data from(q->payload, q->len);
    memcpy(data, q->payload, q->len);
    data += q->len;
  }

  //signal that packet should be sent();
  if (bd != NULL)
  {
    printf("[Send] len=%d, id=%d\n", p->tot_len, ethernetif->tx_i);
    XAxiDma_BdSetBufAddr(bd, (uintptr_t)dma_buffer_tx[ethernetif->tx_i]);
    XAxiDma_BdSetLength(bd, p->tot_len, ethernetif->txring->MaxTransferLen);
    XAxiDma_BdSetCtrl(bd, XAXIDMA_BD_CTRL_TXSOF_MASK | XAXIDMA_BD_CTRL_TXEOF_MASK);
    XAxiDma_BdSetId(bd, ethernetif->tx_i);
    ret = XAxiDma_BdRingToHw(ethernetif->txring, 1, bd);
    LWIP_ASSERT("DMA txring brought one", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
    ethernetif->tx_i = (ethernetif->tx_i + 1) % TX_NUM;
  }
  else
    printf("[Send] len=%d (failed)\n", p->tot_len);

  MIB2_STATS_NETIF_ADD(netif, ifoutoctets, p->tot_len);
  if (((u8_t *)p->payload)[0] & 1) {
    /* broadcast or multicast packet*/
    MIB2_STATS_NETIF_INC(netif, ifoutnucastpkts);
  } else {
    /* unicast packet */
    MIB2_STATS_NETIF_INC(netif, ifoutucastpkts);
  }
  /* increase ifoutdiscards or ifouterrors on error */

#if ETH_PAD_SIZE
  pbuf_add_header(p, ETH_PAD_SIZE); /* reclaim the padding word */
#endif

  LINK_STATS_INC(link.xmit);

  return ERR_OK;
}

/**
 * Should allocate a pbuf and transfer the bytes of the incoming
 * packet from the interface into the pbuf.
 *
 * @param netif the lwip network interface structure for this ethernetif
 * @return a pbuf filled with the received packet (including MAC header)
 *         NULL on memory error
 */
static struct pbuf *
low_level_input(struct netif *netif)
{
  struct ethernetif *ethernetif = netif->state;
  struct pbuf *p, *q;
  u16_t len;
  int ret;
  uint8_t *data;
  uint32_t id;
  XAxiDma_Bd *bd;

  /* Obtain the size of the packet and put it into the "len"
     variable. */
  ret = XAxiDma_BdRingFromHw(ethernetif->rxring, 1, &bd);
  if (ret <= 0)
    return NULL;
  len = XAxiDma_BdGetActualLength(bd, ethernetif->rxring->MaxTransferLen);
  LWIP_ASSERT("rx packet too big", len <= sizeof(dma_buffer_rx[0]));
  id = XAxiDma_BdGetId(bd);
  printf("[Recv] len=%d, id=%lu\n", len, id);
  data = (uint8_t *)XAxiDma_BdGetBufAddr(bd);

#if ETH_PAD_SIZE
  len += ETH_PAD_SIZE; /* allow room for Ethernet padding */
#endif

  /* We allocate a pbuf chain of pbufs from the pool. */
  p = pbuf_alloc(PBUF_RAW, len, PBUF_POOL);

  if (p != NULL) {

#if ETH_PAD_SIZE
    pbuf_remove_header(p, ETH_PAD_SIZE); /* drop the padding word */
#endif

    /* We iterate over the pbuf chain until we have read the entire
     * packet into the pbuf. */
    for (q = p; q != NULL; q = q->next) {
      /* Read enough bytes to fill this pbuf in the chain. The
       * available data in the pbuf is given by the q->len
       * variable.
       * This does not necessarily have to be a memcpy, you can also preallocate
       * pbufs for a DMA-enabled MAC and after receiving truncate it to the
       * actually received size. In this case, ensure the tot_len member of the
       * pbuf is the sum of the chained pbuf len members.
       */
      memcpy(q->payload, data, q->len);
      data += q->len;
    }
    //acknowledge that packet has been read();

    MIB2_STATS_NETIF_ADD(netif, ifinoctets, p->tot_len);
    if (((u8_t *)p->payload)[0] & 1) {
      /* broadcast or multicast packet*/
      MIB2_STATS_NETIF_INC(netif, ifinnucastpkts);
    } else {
      /* unicast packet*/
      MIB2_STATS_NETIF_INC(netif, ifinucastpkts);
    }
#if ETH_PAD_SIZE
    pbuf_add_header(p, ETH_PAD_SIZE); /* reclaim the padding word */
#endif

    LINK_STATS_INC(link.recv);
  } else {
    //drop packet();
    LINK_STATS_INC(link.memerr);
    LINK_STATS_INC(link.drop);
    MIB2_STATS_NETIF_INC(netif, ifindiscards);
  }

  // 继续接收后续数据包
  ret = XAxiDma_BdRingFree(ethernetif->rxring, 1, bd);
  LWIP_ASSERT("DMA rxring freed one", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
  ret = XAxiDma_BdRingAlloc(ethernetif->rxring, 1, &bd);
  LWIP_ASSERT("DMA rxring allocated one", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
  XAxiDma_BdSetBufAddr(bd, (uintptr_t)dma_buffer_rx[ethernetif->rx_i]);
  XAxiDma_BdSetLength(bd, sizeof(dma_buffer_rx[ethernetif->rx_i]), ethernetif->rxring->MaxTransferLen);
  XAxiDma_BdSetCtrl(bd, 0);
  XAxiDma_BdSetId(bd, ethernetif->rx_i);
  ret = XAxiDma_BdRingToHw(ethernetif->rxring, 1, bd);
  LWIP_ASSERT("DMA rxring brought one", ret == XST_SUCCESS);
  ethernetif->rx_i = (ethernetif->rx_i + 1) % RX_NUM;

  return p;
}

/**
 * This function should be called when a packet is ready to be read
 * from the interface. It uses the function low_level_input() that
 * should handle the actual reception of bytes from the network
 * interface. Then the type of the received packet is determined and
 * the appropriate input function is called.
 *
 * @param netif the lwip network interface structure for this ethernetif
 */
/*static */void
ethernetif_input(struct netif *netif)
{
  //struct ethernetif *ethernetif;
  //struct eth_hdr *ethhdr;
  struct pbuf *p;

  //ethernetif = netif->state;

  /* move received packet into a new pbuf */
  p = low_level_input(netif);
  /* if no packet could be read, silently ignore this */
  if (p != NULL) {
    /* pass all packets to ethernet_input, which decides what packets it supports */
    if (netif->input(p, netif) != ERR_OK) {
      LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG, ("ethernetif_input: IP input error\n"));
      pbuf_free(p);
      p = NULL;
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Should be called at the beginning of the program to set up the
 * network interface. It calls the function low_level_init() to do the
 * actual setup of the hardware.
 *
 * This function should be passed as a parameter to netif_add().
 *
 * @param netif the lwip network interface structure for this ethernetif
 * @return ERR_OK if the loopif is initialized
 *         ERR_MEM if private data couldn't be allocated
 *         any other err_t on error
 */
err_t
ethernetif_init(struct netif *netif)
{
  struct ethernetif *ethernetif;

  LWIP_ASSERT("netif != NULL", (netif != NULL));

  ethernetif = mem_malloc(sizeof(struct ethernetif));
  if (ethernetif == NULL) {
    LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG, ("ethernetif_init: out of memory\n"));
    return ERR_MEM;
  }

#if LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME
  /* Initialize interface hostname */
  netif->hostname = "XC7A35TFGG484-2_ETH"; // 路由器里面看到的设备名称
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME */

  /*
   * Initialize the snmp variables and counters inside the struct netif.
   * The last argument should be replaced with your link speed, in units
   * of bits per second.
   */
  MIB2_INIT_NETIF(netif, snmp_ifType_ethernet_csmacd, LINK_SPEED_OF_YOUR_NETIF_IN_BPS);

  netif->state = ethernetif;
  netif->name[0] = IFNAME0;
  netif->name[1] = IFNAME1;
  /* We directly use etharp_output() here to save a function call.
   * You can instead declare your own function an call etharp_output()
   * from it if you have to do some checks before sending (e.g. if link
   * is available...) */
#if LWIP_IPV4
  netif->output = etharp_output;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV4 */
#if LWIP_IPV6
  netif->output_ip6 = ethip6_output;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV6 */
  netif->linkoutput = low_level_output;

  ethernetif->ethaddr = (struct eth_addr *) & (netif->hwaddr[0]);

  /* initialize the hardware */
  low_level_init(netif);

  return ERR_OK;
}

/* 网线插拔检测 */
void ethernetif_check_link(struct netif *netif)
{
	uint16_t value;

	XAxiEthernet_PhyRead(&xaxieth, PHY_ADDR, PHY_BMSR, &value);
	if (value & PHY_LINKED_STATUS)
	{
		/* 已插入网线 */
		if (!netif_is_link_up(netif))
		{
			if (value & PHY_AUTONEGO_COMPLETE) // 自动协商完毕
			{
				// 配置速率和双工模式
				printf("Link is up!\n");
				XAxiEthernet_PhyRead(&xaxieth, PHY_ADDR, PHY_PHYSR, &value);
				if (value & PHY_SPEED1_STATUS)
				{
					printf("Speed: 1000Mbps\n");
					XAxiEthernet_SetOperatingSpeed(&xaxieth, XAE_SPEED_1000_MBPS);
				}
				else if (value & PHY_SPEED0_STATUS)
				{
					printf("Speed: 100Mbps\n");
					XAxiEthernet_SetOperatingSpeed(&xaxieth, XAE_SPEED_100_MBPS);
				}
				else
				{
					printf("Speed: 10Mbps\n");
					XAxiEthernet_SetOperatingSpeed(&xaxieth, XAE_SPEED_10_MBPS);
				}

				// AXI 1G/2.5G Ethernet Subsystem IP核不支持半双工模式, 所以这里不做设置
				if (value & PHY_DUPLEX_STATUS)
					printf("Duplex: full\n");
				else
					printf("Duplex: half\n");

				XAxiEthernet_Start(&xaxieth);
				netif_set_link_up(netif);
			}
		}
	}
	else
	{
		/* 已拔出网线 */
		if (netif_is_link_up(netif))
		{
			printf("Link is down!\n");
			XAxiEthernet_Stop(&xaxieth);
			netif_set_link_down(netif);
		}
	}
}

#endif /* 0 */

ethernetif.h：

#ifndef ETHERNETIF_H
#define ETHERNETIF_H

#ifndef _BV
#define _BV(n) (1ull << (n))
#endif

#define PHY_ADDR 1

#define PHY_PHYSR 0x1a
#define PHY_SPEED1_STATUS 0x20
#define PHY_SPEED0_STATUS 0x10
#define PHY_DUPLEX_STATUS 0x08

#define PHY_BMSR 0x01
#define PHY_AUTONEGO_COMPLETE 0x20
#define PHY_LINKED_STATUS 0x04

err_t ethernetif_init(struct netif *netif);
void ethernetif_input(struct netif *netif);
void ethernetif_check_link(struct netif *netif);

#endif

lwipopts.h：

#ifndef LWIP_LWIPOPTS_H
#define LWIP_LWIPOPTS_H

#define NO_SYS 1 // 无操作系统
#define SYS_LIGHTWEIGHT_PROT 0 // 不进行临界区保护

#define LWIP_NETCONN 0
#define LWIP_SOCKET 0

#define MEM_ALIGNMENT 4 // 4字节对齐方式
#define MEM_SIZE (64 * 1024) // lwip的mem_malloc函数使用的堆内存的大小
#define MEM_OVERFLOW_CHECK 1
#define MEM_SANITY_CHECK 1

// 配置TCP
#define TCP_MSS 1500
#define LWIP_TCP_SACK_OUT 1 // 允许选择性确认

// 配置DHCP
#define LWIP_DHCP 1
#define LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME 1

// 配置DNS
#define LWIP_DNS 1

// 配置HTTP服务器
#define HTTPD_FSDATA_FILE "fsdata_custom.h"

// 广播包过滤器
#define IP_SOF_BROADCAST 1
#define IP_SOF_BROADCAST_RECV 1

// 配置IPv6
#define LWIP_IPV6 1
#define LWIP_ND6_RDNSS_MAX_DNS_SERVERS LWIP_DNS // 允许SLAAC获取DNS服务器的地址

#endif

arch/cc.h：

#ifndef LWIP_ARCH_CC_H
#define LWIP_ARCH_CC_H

#define LWIP_RAND() ((u32_t)rand())
#define PACK_STRUCT_BEGIN __attribute__((packed, aligned(1)))

#endif

【程序运行结果】

Hello World
Successfully ran Hello World application
MAC address: 00:0A:35:00:01:02
DMA Rx descriptor: 0x800666c0
DMA Tx descriptor: 0x80066940
DMA Rx buffer: 0x80066bc0
DMA Tx buffer: 0x8006aa40
IPv6 link-local address: FE80::20A:35FF:FE00:102
[Recv] len=52, id=0
Link is up!
Speed: 1000Mbps
Duplex: full
[Send] len=350, id=0
[Send] len=86, id=1
[Send] len=78, id=2
[Send] len=86, id=3
[Send] len=86, id=4
[Send] len=350, id=5
[Recv] len=60, id=1
[Recv] len=208, id=2
[Recv] len=146, id=3
[Send] len=70, id=6
[Recv] len=142, id=4
[Send] len=86, id=7
[Recv] len=86, id=5
[Recv] len=590, id=6
[Send] len=350, id=8
[Recv] len=60, id=7
[Recv] len=60, id=8
[Recv] len=590, id=9
[Send] len=42, id=9
[Send] len=42, id=0
[Send] len=42, id=1
[Send] len=78, id=2
[Send] len=42, id=3
DHCP supplied address!
IP address: 192.168.1.8
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
Default gateway: 192.168.1.1
DNS Server: 192.168.1.1
[Send] len=42, id=4
IPv6 address 1: 2409:8A62:367:4EA0:20A:35FF:FE00:102
DNS Server: 192.168.1.1
[Recv] len=208, id=0
[Send] len=86, id=5
[Send] len=42, id=6
[Send] len=42, id=7
[Recv] len=86, id=1
[Send] len=86, id=8
[Recv] len=208, id=2
[Recv] len=60, id=3
[Recv] len=147, id=4
[Recv] len=208, id=5

【程序固化方法】

见在外部DDR3内存中运行的MicroBlaze程序的固化方法_ZLK1214的专栏-CSDN博客_microblaze程序固化

【未修复的Bug】

2021年4月26日：（必现）程序中用raw API建立一个TCP服务器，固化后运行。在电脑上运行两个网络调试助手同时连接这个TCP服务器，发送大文件。发送了大约十几分钟后，从串口中看到程序突然就无法接收数据包了。只见随后发送了几个数据包（显示了几个[Send]），程序就卡死了，串口发送t无反应（不打印sys_now()的值）。估计是以太网IP核出问题了，无法收发数据包。程序卡在了low_level_output函数的do while循环里面，无法申请到DMA发送描述符而卡死。