Selenium使用代理出现弹窗验证如何处理

部分商业网站对爬虫程序限制较多，在数据采集的过程中对爬虫请求进行了多种验证，导致爬虫程序需要深入分析目标网站的反爬策略，定期更新和维护爬虫程序，增加了研发的时间和投入成本。这种情况下，使用无头浏览器例如Selenium，模拟用户的请求进行数据采集是更加方便快捷的方式。同时为了避免目标网站出现IP限制，配合爬虫代理，实现每次请求自动切换IP，能够保证长期稳定的数据采集。以python的demo为例：

from selenium import webdriver
    import string
    import zipfile
    # 代理服务器(产品官网 www.16yun.cn)
    proxyHost = "t.16yun.cn"
    proxyPort = "31111"
    # 代理验证信息
    proxyUser = "username"
    proxyPass = "password"
    def create_proxy_auth_extension(proxy_host, proxy_port,
                                   proxy_username, proxy_password,
                                   scheme='http', plugin_path=None):
        if plugin_path is None:
            plugin_path = r'D:/{}_{}@t.16yun.zip'.format(proxy_username, proxy_password)
        manifest_json = """
        {
            "version": "1.0.0",
            "manifest_version": 2,
            "name": "16YUN Proxy",
            "permissions": [
                "proxy",
                "tabs",
                "unlimitedStorage",
                "storage",
                "",
                "webRequest",
                "webRequestBlocking"
            ],
            "background": {
                "scripts": ["background.js"]
            },
            "minimum_chrome_version":"22.0.0"
        }
        """
        background_js = string.Template(
            """
            var config = {
                mode: "fixed_servers",
                rules: {
                    singleProxy: {
                        scheme: "${scheme}",
                        host: "${host}",
                        port: parseInt(${port})
                    },
                    bypassList: ["foobar.com"]
                }
              };
            chrome.proxy.settings.set({value: config, scope: "regular"}, function() {});
            function callbackFn(details) {
                return {
                    authCredentials: {
                        username: "${username}",
                        password: "${password}"
                    }
                };
            }
            chrome.webRequest.onAuthRequired.addListener(
                callbackFn,
                {urls: [""]},
                ['blocking']
            );
            """
        ).substitute(
            host=proxy_host,
            port=proxy_port,
            username=proxy_username,
            password=proxy_password,
            scheme=scheme,
        )
        with zipfile.ZipFile(plugin_path, 'w') as zp:
            zp.writestr("manifest.json", manifest_json)
            zp.writestr("background.js", background_js)
        return plugin_path
    proxy_auth_plugin_path = create_proxy_auth_extension(
        proxy_host=proxyHost,
        proxy_port=proxyPort,
        proxy_username=proxyUser,
        proxy_password=proxyPass)
    option = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    option.add_argument("--start-maximized")
    # 如报错 chrome-extensions 
    # option.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
    option.add_extension(proxy_auth_plugin_path)
    # 关闭webdriver的一些标志
    # option.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])       
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=option)
    # 修改webdriver get属性
    # script = '''
    # Object.defineProperty(navigator, 'webdriver', {
    # get: () => undefined
    # })
    # '''
    # driver.execute_cdp_cmd("Page.addScriptToEvaluateOnNewDocument", {"source": script})     
    driver.get("http://httpbin.org/ip")

要注意必须保证plugin_path参数下的文件存放目录是存在的，同时程序拥有该目录的读写权限，否则浏览器会出现代理认证信息读取失败的情况，就会强制弹出认证窗口，要求输入代理用户名和密码，出现程序运行中断的情况。