06-JDK 8中日期和时间的API

JDK 8中日期和时间的API

LocalDate、LocalTime、LocalDateTime

//今天是2021.12.27
@Test
    public void testDate(){
        //偏移量
        Date date1 = new Date(2021 - 1900,12 - 1,27);
        System.out.println(date1);//Mon Dec 27 00:00:00 CST 2021
    }

/*
    LocalDate、LocalTime、LocalDateTime 的使用
    说明：
        1.LocalDateTime相较于LocalDate、LocalTime，使用频率要高
        2.类似于Calendar
     */
@Test
    public void test1(){
        //now():获取当前的日期、时间、日期+时间
        LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.now();
        LocalTime localTime = LocalTime.now();
        LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.now();

        System.out.println(localDate);//2021-12-27
        System.out.println(localTime);//16:22:33.693
        System.out.println(localDateTime);//2021-12-27T16:22:33.693

        //of():设置指定的年、月、日、时、分、秒。没有偏移量
        LocalDateTime localDateTime1 = LocalDateTime.of(2020, 10, 6, 13, 23, 43);
        System.out.println(localDateTime1);//2020-10-06T13:23:43


        //getXxx()：获取相关的属性
        System.out.println(localDateTime.getDayOfMonth());//27
        System.out.println(localDateTime.getDayOfWeek());//MONDAY
        System.out.println(localDateTime.getMonth());//DECEMBER
        System.out.println(localDateTime.getMonthValue());//12
        System.out.println(localDateTime.getMinute());//22

        //体现不可变性
        //withXxx():设置相关的属性
        LocalDate localDate1 = localDate.withDayOfMonth(22);
        System.out.println(localDate);//2021-12-27
        System.out.println(localDate1);//2021-12-22


        LocalDateTime localDateTime2 = localDateTime.withHour(4);
        System.out.println(localDateTime);//2021-12-27T16:22:33.693
        System.out.println(localDateTime2);//2021-12-27T04:22:33.693

        //不可变性
        LocalDateTime localDateTime3 = localDateTime.plusMonths(3);//加3个月
        System.out.println(localDateTime);//2021-12-27T16:22:33.693
        System.out.println(localDateTime3);//2022-03-27T16:22:33.693

        LocalDateTime localDateTime4 = localDateTime.minusDays(6);//减6天
        System.out.println(localDateTime);//2021-12-27T16:22:33.693
        System.out.println(localDateTime4);//2021-12-21T16:22:33.693
    }

Instant

/*
    Instant的使用
    类似于 java.util.Date类

     */
    @Test
    public void test2(){
        //now():获取本初子午线对应的标准时间
        Instant instant = Instant.now();
        System.out.println(instant);//2021-12-27T09:02:10.588Z

        //添加时间的偏移量，得到东八区时间
        OffsetDateTime offsetDateTime = instant.atOffset(ZoneOffset.ofHours(8));
        System.out.println(offsetDateTime);//2021-12-27T17:02:10.588+08:00

        //toEpochMilli():获取自1970年1月1日0时0分0秒（UTC）开始的毫秒数  ---> Date类的getTime()
        long milli = instant.toEpochMilli();
        System.out.println(milli);//1640595730588

        //ofEpochMilli():通过给定的毫秒数，获取Instant实例  -->Date(long millis)
        Instant instant1 = Instant.ofEpochMilli(1550475314878L);
        System.out.println(instant1);//2019-02-18T07:35:14.878Z
    }

DateTimeFormatter

重点掌握方式三：自定义的格式。如：ofPattern(“yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss”)

/*
    DateTimeFormatter:格式化或解析日期、时间
    类似于SimpleDateFormat

     */

    @Test
    public void test3(){
//        方式一：预定义的标准格式。如：ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME;ISO_LOCAL_DATE;ISO_LOCAL_TIME
        DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME;
        //格式化:日期-->字符串
        LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.now();
        String str1 = formatter.format(localDateTime);
        System.out.println(localDateTime);//2021-12-27T20:54:38.257
        System.out.println(str1);//2021-12-27T20:54:38.257

        //解析：字符串 -->日期
        TemporalAccessor parse = formatter.parse("2019-02-18T15:42:18.797");
        System.out.println(parse);//{},ISO resolved to 2019-02-18T15:42:18.797

//        方式二：
//        本地化相关的格式。如：ofLocalizedDateTime()
//        FormatStyle.LONG / FormatStyle.MEDIUM / FormatStyle.SHORT :适用于LocalDateTime
        DateTimeFormatter formatter1 = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedDateTime(FormatStyle.LONG);
        //格式化
        String str2 = formatter1.format(localDateTime);
        System.out.println(str2);//2021年12月27日 下午08时54分38秒


//      本地化相关的格式。如：ofLocalizedDate()
//      FormatStyle.FULL / FormatStyle.LONG / FormatStyle.MEDIUM / FormatStyle.SHORT : 适用于LocalDate
        DateTimeFormatter formatter2 = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedDate(FormatStyle.MEDIUM);
        //格式化
        String str3 = formatter2.format(LocalDate.now());
        System.out.println(str3);//2021-12-27


//       重点： 方式三：自定义的格式。如：ofPattern(“yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss”)
        DateTimeFormatter formatter3 = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
        //格式化
        String str4 = formatter3.format(LocalDateTime.now());
        System.out.println(str4);//2021-12-27 08:54:38

        //解析
        TemporalAccessor accessor = formatter3.parse("2019-02-18 03:52:09");
        System.out.println(accessor);

    }