springmvc入门

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-10 17:03:59 发布

张润红

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-10 17:03:59 发布

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分类专栏： springmvc 文章标签： springmvc入门

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Zhangrunhong/article/details/101677734

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文章目录

springmvc入门（简介及配置）

1、Spring Web MVC是什么

Spring Web MVC是一种基于Java的实现了Web MVC设计模式的请求驱动类型的轻量级Web框架，即使用了MVC架构模式的思想，将web层进行职责解耦，基于请求驱动指的就是使用请求-响应模型，框架的目的就是帮助我们简化开发，Spring Web MVC也是要简化我们日常Web开发的。

在这里插入图片描述

2.SpringMVC处理请求的流程

2.1 首先用户发送请求–>DispatherServlet
2.2 DispatcherServlet–>HandlerMapping
2.3 DispatcherServlet–>HandlerAdapter
2.4 HandlerAdapter–>处理器功能处理方法的调用
2.5 ModelAndView的逻辑视图名–>ViewRecolver
2.6 View–>渲染
2.7 返回控制权给DispatcherServlet，由DispatcherServlet返回呼应给用户，流程结束

3. SpringMVC核心开发步骤

3.1 DispatcherServlet在web.xml中的部署描述，从而拦截请求到springMVC
3.2 HandlerMapping的配置，从而将请求映射到处理器
3.3 HandlerAdapter的配置，从而支持多种类型的处理器
3.4 处理器(页面控制器)的配置，从而刊行功能处理
3.5 ViewResolver的配置，从而将逻辑视图名解析为具体的视图技术

###3 4. SpringMVC的组件
4.1 前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)
4.2 请求到处理器映射(HandlerMapping)
4.3 处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter)
4.4 视图解析器(ViewResolver)
4.5 处理器或页面控制器(Controller)
4.6 验证器(Validator)
4.6 命令对象(Command 请求参数绑定到的对象就叫命令对象)
4.7 表单对象(Form Object提供给表单展示和提交到的对象就叫表单对象)

4.添加相关依赖

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>

记得添加这个依赖，原因：org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView在视图解析时需要这二个jar包

<dependency>
          <groupId>jstl</groupId>
          <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
          <version>1.2</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
          <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
          <version>1.1.2</version>
      </dependency>

<tomcat-jsp-api.version>8.0.47</tomcat-jsp-api.version>

再把web.xml的头换一下

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
</web-app>

在WEB-INF下添加springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!-- 通过context:component-scan元素扫描指定包下的控制器-->
    <!--1) 扫描com.zrh.zf及子子孙孙包下的控制器(扫描范围过大，耗时)-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zrh"/>

    <!--2) 此标签默认注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter -->
    <!--两个bean，这两个bean是spring MVC为@Controllers分发请求所必须的。并提供了数据绑定支持，-->
    <!--@NumberFormatannotation支持，@DateTimeFormat支持，@Valid支持，读写XML的支持（JAXB），读写JSON的支持（Jackson）-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!--3) ViewResolver -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- viewClass需要在pom中引入两个包：standard.jar and jstl.jar -->
        <property name="viewClass"
                  value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property>
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--4) 单独处理图片、样式、js等资源 -->
    <!--<mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>-->
    <!--<mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>-->
    <!--<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>-->


</beans>

springmvc五种结果集处理

package com.zrh.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**
 * @author zrh
 * @site IDEA项目
 * @company
 * @create 2019-09-2916:56
 *
 * 关于结果集处理分五种情况
 * 1、转发到页面(webapp下)
 * 2、转发到action请求
 * 3、重定向到页面(webapp下)
 * 4、重定向到action
 * 5、转发到web-inf下的页面
 */
@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("hello")
    public String hello(HttpServletRequest request){
        request.setAttribute("msg","转发到页面的方式");
        return "hello";
    }

    /**
     * 重定向到action
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("hello2")
    public String redirectPage(HttpServletRequest request){
        request.setAttribute("msg","重定向到action的方式");
        return "redirect:hello";
    }

    /**
     * 重定向到页面
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("hello3")
    public String redirectPage2(HttpServletRequest request){
       Object msg = request.getAttribute("msg");
        return "redirect:/hello.jsp";
    }

    @RequestMapping("hello4")
    public String forwardAction(HttpServletRequest request){
        request.setAttribute("msg","转发向到action的方式");
        return "forward:hello3";
    }

    @RequestMapping("hello5")
    public String forwardAction2(HttpServletRequest request){
        request.setAttribute("msg","转发访问安全页面");
        return "aaa";
    }

}

springmvc增删查改

相关代码：
BookList.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
     <%@ taglib uri="/zrh" prefix="z" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
	function add(){
		// window.location.href = "bookEdit.jsp";
		window.location.href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/preSave";
	}
	
	function update(bid){
		indow.location.href = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/preSave/"+bid;
	}
	
	function del(bid){
		window.location.href = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/"+bid;
	}
</script>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/list"
		method="post">
		书名：<input type="text" name="bname"> <input type="submit"
			value="确定">
	</form>
	<button onclick="add();">新增</button>
	<table border="1" width="100%">
		<tr>
			<td>编号</td>
			<td>名称</td>
			<td>价格</td>
			<td>操作</td>
		</tr>
		<c:forEach items="${bookList }" var="b">
			<tr>
				<td>${b.bid }</td>
				<td>${b.bname }</td>
				<td>${b.price }</td>
				<td>
					<button onclick="update(${b.bid });">修改</button>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
					<button onclick="del(${b.bid });">删除</button>
				</td>
			</tr>
		</c:forEach>
	</table>
	<z:page pageBean="${pageBean }"></z:page>
</body>
</html>

bookEdit.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
	function doSubmit(bid){
		var bookForm = document.getElementById("bookForm");
		if(bid){
			//修改时候执行
			bookForm.action = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/edit';
		}else{
			//新增时候执行
			bookForm.action = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/add';
		}
		bookForm.submit();
	}
</script>
</head>
<body>
	<form id="bookForm" action="" method="post">
		bid:<input type="text" name="bid" value="${b.bid }"><br>
		bname:<input type="text" name="bname" value="${b.bname }"><br>
		price:<input type="text" name="price" value="${b.price }"><br>
		<input type="submit" value="提交" onclick="doSubmit('${b.bid }')"><br>
	</form>
</body>
</html>

PageTag.java

package com.zrh.util;


import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;


public class PageTag extends BodyTagSupport {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private PageBean pageBean;
	public PageBean getPageBean() {
		return pageBean;
	}
	public void setPageBean(PageBean pageBean) {
		this.pageBean = pageBean;
	}
	@Override
	public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
		JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
		try {
			out.print(toHTML());
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return super.doStartTag();
	}
	private String toHTML() {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		/*
		 * 拼接向后台提交数据的form表单
		 * 	注意：拼接的form表单中的page参数是变化的，所以不需要保留上一次请求的值
		 */
		sb.append("<form id='pageBeanForm' action='"+pageBean.getUrl()+"' method='post'>");
		sb.append("<input type='hidden' name='page'>");
		Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = pageBean.getMap();
		if(parameterMap != null && parameterMap.size() > 0) {
			Set<Entry<String, String[]>> entrySet = parameterMap.entrySet();
			for (Entry<String, String[]> entry : entrySet) {
				if(!"page".equals(entry.getKey())) {
					String[] values = entry.getValue();
					for (String val : values) {
						sb.append("<input type='hidden' name='"+entry.getKey()+"' value='"+val+"'>");
					}
				}
			}
		}
		sb.append("</form>");
		
		/*
		 * 展示的分页条
		 */
		sb.append("<div style='text-align: right; font-size: 12px;'>");
		sb.append("每页"+pageBean.getRows()+"条，共"+pageBean.getTotal()+"条，第"+pageBean.getPage()+"页，共"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"页&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='javascript:gotoPage(1)'>首页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a");
		sb.append(" href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getPreivousPage()+")'>上一页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a");
		sb.append(" href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getNextPage()+")'>下一页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a");
		sb.append(" href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getMaxPage()+")'>尾页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type='text'");
		sb.append(" id='skipPage'");
		sb.append(" style='text-align: center; font-size: 12px; width: 50px;'>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a");
		sb.append(" href='javascript:skipPage()'>Go</a>");
		sb.append("</div>");
		
		/*
		 * 给分页条添加与后台交互的js代码
		 */
		sb.append("<script type='text/javascript'>");
		sb.append("		function gotoPage(page) {");
		sb.append("			document.getElementById('pageBeanForm').page.value = page;");
		sb.append("			document.getElementById('pageBeanForm').submit();");
		sb.append("		}");
		sb.append("		function skipPage() {");
		sb.append("			var page = document.getElementById('skipPage').value;");
		sb.append("			if(!page || isNaN(page) || parseInt(page)<1 || parseInt(page)>"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"){");
		sb.append("				alert('请输入1~N的数字');");
		sb.append("				return;");
		sb.append("			}");
		sb.append("			gotoPage(page);");
		sb.append("		}");
		sb.append("</script>");
		return sb.toString();
	}
}

PageBean.java

package com.zrh.util;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Map;

public class PageBean implements Serializable {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 2422581023658455731L;

	//页码
	private int page=1;
	//每页显示记录数
	private int rows=10;
	//总记录数
	private int total=0;
	//是否分页
	private boolean isPagination=true;
	//上一次的请求路径
	private String url;
	//获取所有的请求参数
	private Map<String,String[]> map;
	
	public PageBean() {
		super();
	}
	
	//设置请求参数
	public void setRequest(HttpServletRequest req) {
		String page=req.getParameter("page");
		String rows=req.getParameter("rows");
		String pagination=req.getParameter("pagination");
		this.setPage(page);
		this.setRows(rows);
		this.setPagination(pagination);
		this.url=req.getContextPath()+req.getServletPath();
		this.map=req.getParameterMap();
	}
	public String getUrl() {
		return url;
	}

	public void setUrl(String url) {
		this.url = url;
	}

	public Map<String, String[]> getMap() {
		return map;
	}

	public void setMap(Map<String, String[]> map) {
		this.map = map;
	}

	public int getPage() {
		return page;
	}

	public void setPage(int page) {
		this.page = page;
	}
	
	public void setPage(String page) {
		if(null!=page&&!"".equals(page.trim()))
			this.page = Integer.parseInt(page);
	}

	public int getRows() {
		return rows;
	}

	public void setRows(int rows) {
		this.rows = rows;
	}
	
	public void setRows(String rows) {
		if(null!=rows&&!"".equals(rows.trim()))
			this.rows = Integer.parseInt(rows);
	}

	public int getTotal() {
		return total;
	}

	public void setTotal(int total) {
		this.total = total;
	}
	
	public void setTotal(String total) {
		this.total = Integer.parseInt(total);
	}

	public boolean isPagination() {
		return isPagination;
	}
	
	public void setPagination(boolean isPagination) {
		this.isPagination = isPagination;
	}
	
	public void setPagination(String isPagination) {
		if(null!=isPagination&&!"".equals(isPagination.trim()))
			this.isPagination = Boolean.parseBoolean(isPagination);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取分页起始标记位置
	 * @return
	 */
	public int getStartIndex() {
		//(当前页码-1)*显示记录数
		return (this.getPage()-1)*this.rows;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 末页
	 * @return
	 */
	public int getMaxPage() {
		int totalpage=this.total/this.rows;
		if(this.total%this.rows!=0)
			totalpage++;
		return totalpage;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 下一页
	 * @return
	 */
	public int getNextPage() {
		int nextPage=this.page+1;
		if(this.page>=this.getMaxPage())
			nextPage=this.getMaxPage();
		return nextPage;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 上一页
	 * @return
	 */
	public int getPreivousPage() {
		int previousPage=this.page-1;
		if(previousPage<1)
			previousPage=1;
		return previousPage;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "PageBean [page=" + page + ", rows=" + rows + ", total=" + total + ", isPagination=" + isPagination
				+ "]";
	}
}

StringUtils.java

package com.zrh.util;

/**
 * @author zrh
 * @site IDEA项目
 * @company
 * @create 2019-09-2220:08
 */
public class StringUtils {
    public  static String toLikeStr(String str){
        return "%"+str+"%";
    }
}

BookController.java

package com.zrh.controller;

import com.zrh.model.Book;
import com.zrh.service.Bookservice;
import com.zrh.util.PageBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author zrh
 * @site IDEA项目
 * @company
 * @create 2019-10-0313:28
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    private Bookservice bookservice;

    @RequestMapping("/list")
    public String list(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){
        PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
        pageBean.setRequest(request);
        List<Map> list = this.bookservice.listPage(book, pageBean);
        request.setAttribute("bookList",list);
        request.setAttribute("pageBean",pageBean);
        return "bookList";

    }

    @RequestMapping("/preSave")
    public String preSave(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){
        if(book.getBid() != null){
            Book b = this.bookservice.selectByPrimaryKey(book.getBid());
            request.setAttribute("b",b);
        }
        return "bookEdit";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/add")
    public String add(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){
        this.bookservice.insert(book);
        return "redirect:/book/list";

    }

    @RequestMapping("/del/{bid}")
    public String del(@PathVariable(value = "bid") Integer bid, HttpServletRequest request){
        this.bookservice.deleteByPrimaryKey(bid);
        return "redirect:/book/list";

    }

    @RequestMapping("/edit")
    public String edit(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){
        this.bookservice.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(book);
        return "redirect:/book/list";

    }
}

静态资源处理

 <mvc:resources location="/static/" mapping="/static/**"/>

在这里插入图片描述

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springmvc入门

文章目录springmvc入门（简介及配置）1、Spring Web MVC是什么2.SpringMVC处理请求的流程3. SpringMVC核心开发步骤5.添加相关依赖springmvc五种结果集处理springmvc增删查改静态资源处理springmvc入门（简介及配置）1、Spring Web MVC是什么Spring Web MVC是一种基于Java的实现了Web MVC设计模式的请...
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