1、quartz入门
1、Quartz介绍
任务调度框架“Quartz”是OpenSymphony开源组织在Job scheduling领域又一个开源项目,是完全由java开发的一个开源的任务日程管理系统,
“任务进度管理器”就是一个在预先确定(被纳入日程)的时间到达时,负责执行(或者通知)其他软件组件的系统。
简单来说就是实现“计划(或定时)任务”的系统,例如:订单下单后未付款,15分钟后自动撤消订单,并自动解锁锁定的商品
2. Quartz的触发器
触发器用来告诉调度程序作业什么时候触发。框架提供了5种触发器类型,但两个最常用的SimpleTrigger和CronTrigger。
五种类型的Trigger(定时器)
SimpleTrigger,CronTirgger,DateIntervalTrigger,NthIncludedDayTrigger和Calendar类( org.quartz.Calendar)。
场景:
SimpleTrigger:执行N次,重复N次
CronTrigger:几秒 几分 几时 哪日 哪月 哪周 哪年,执行
3. 存储方式
RAMJobStore(内存作业存储类型)和JDBCJobStore(数据库作业存储类型),两种方式对比如下:
优点 缺点
RAMJobStore 不要外部数据库,配置容易,运行速度快 因为调度程序信息是存储在被分配给JVM的内存里面,
所以,当应用程序停止运行时,所有调度信息将被丢失。
另外因为存储到JVM内存里面,所以可以存储多少个Job和Trigger将会受到限制
JDBCJobStor 支持集群,因为所有的任务信息都会保存 运行速度的快慢取决与连接数据库的快慢
到数据库中,可以控制事物,还有就是如
果应用服务器关闭或者重启,任务信息都
不会丢失,并且可以恢复因服务器关闭或
者重启而导致执行失败的任务
2、Quartz简单触发器 SimpleTrigger介绍
首先导入需要的pom依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.zrh</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz01</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>quartz01</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
RamJob.java
package com.zrh.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* @author zrh
* @site IDEA项目
* @company
* @create 2019-11-1417:18
* 基于内存RAM
*/
public class RamJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
System.out.println("此处为quartz定时任务执行的业务内容");
}
}
dome1.java
package com.zrh.quartz01.demo;
import com.zrh.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author zrh
* @site IDEA项目
* @company
* @create 2019-11-1417:36
* 简单触发器(每个n秒执行,一共执行多少次)
*/
public class demo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
//这个使用离不开三个对象Scheduler JobDetail Trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
//取一个标识
.withIdentity("job1","groupl")
//取一个描述
.withDescription("这是第一个quartz定时任务")
.build();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
.withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForTotalCount(3,6))
.withIdentity("triggerl","groupl")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
//启动定时任务
scheduler.start();
}
}
3、Quartz表达式触发器
package com.zrh.quartz01.demo;
import com.zrh.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author zrh
* @site IDEA项目
* @company
* @create 2019-11-1417:36
* 表达式触发器(定时定点,无限循环)
*/
public class demo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
//这个使用离不开三个对象Scheduler JobDetail Trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
// 调度器创建
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
// 具体定时任务需要执行的代码
.withIdentity("job2","group2")
//取一个描述
.withDescription("这是第一个quartz定时任务")
.build();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
//定点执行
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 05 14 * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger2","group2")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
// 调度工厂绑定作业类及触发器
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
//启动定时任务
scheduler.start();
}
}
每6秒循环执行
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/6 * * * * ?"))
4、Quartz中参数传递
demo3.java
package com.zrh.quartz01.demo;
import com.zrh.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author zrh
* @site IDEA项目
* @company
* @create 2019-11-1417:36
* 简单触发器(每个n秒执行,一共执行多少次)
*/
public class demo3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
//这个使用离不开三个对象Scheduler JobDetail Trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
//取一个标识
.withIdentity("job1","groupl")
//取一个描述
.withDescription("这是第一个quartz定时任务")
.build();
String name = "aa";
String level = "yy";
String job = "教员";
JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobDetail.getJobDataMap();
jobDataMap.put("name",name);
jobDataMap.put("level",level);
jobDataMap.put("job",job);
Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
.withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForTotalCount(3,6))
.withIdentity("triggerl","groupl")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
//启动定时任务
scheduler.start();
}
}
这边接收一下传过来的参数:
RamJob.java
package com.zrh.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* @author zrh
* @site IDEA项目
* @company
* @create 2019-11-1417:18
* 基于内存RAM
*/
public class RamJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
System.out.println("此处为quartz定时任务执行的业务内容");
JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
System.out.println(jobDataMap.get("name").toString()+
jobDataMap.get("level").toString()+
jobDataMap.get("job").toString());
}
}
5、Spring task Vs Quartz
Spring task
优点:无需整合spring,作业类中就可以调用业务service
缺点:单线程;不能做数据存储型的定时任务
Quartz
优点:多线程;可以做数据存储型的定时任务,维护性高;
缺点:需要整合spring,不能直接调用业务层service;
SpringTask.java
package com.zrh.quartz01.task;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @author zrh
* @site IDEA项目
* @company
* @create 2019-11-1518:25
*/
@Component
public class SpringTask {
@Scheduled(cron = "0/10 * * * * ?")
public void xxx(){
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.err.println("Spring task启动"+format.format(new Date()));
try {
Thread.sleep(20*100);
System.out.println("模拟处理大数据量");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
RamJob.java
package com.zrh.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @author zrh
* @site IDEA项目
* @company
* @create 2019-11-1417:18
* 基于内存RAM
*/
public class RamJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
// System.out.println("此处为quartz定时任务执行的业务内容");
// JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
// System.out.println(jobDataMap.get("name").toString()+
// jobDataMap.get("level").toString()+
// jobDataMap.get("job").toString());
// }
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.err.println("quart task启动" + format.format(new Date()));
try {
Thread.sleep(20 * 100);
System.out.println("模拟处理大数据量");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
demo4.java
package com.zrh.quartz01.demo;
import com.zrh.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @author zrh
* @site IDEA项目
* @company
* @create 2019-11-1417:36
* 表达式触发器(定时定点,无限循环)
*/
public class demo4 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
//这个使用离不开三个对象Scheduler JobDetail Trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
// 调度器创建
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
// 具体定时任务需要执行的代码
.withIdentity("job2","group2")
//取一个描述
.withDescription("这是第一个quartz定时任务")
.build();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
//定点执行
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/10 * * * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger2","group2")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
// 调度工厂绑定作业类及触发器
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
//启动定时任务
scheduler.start();
}
}