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一、问题
现在有USB设备插入Android系统,那么如何得知插入的设备类型?是USB打印机,U盘,还是USB鼠标?
二、USB类型规定
对于USB类型,USB组织是有规定的,见:http://www.usb.org/
比如:
三、Linux对USB设备类型定义
在kernel中,有两个结构体的相关成员表征USB设备的类型,第一个usb_device_descriptor:
- include/uapi/linux/usb/ch9.h
-
- struct usb_device_descriptor {
- __u8 bDeviceClass;
- __u8 bDeviceSubClass;
- __u8 bDeviceProtocol;
- } __attribute__ ((packed));
bDeviceClass成员值区别不同的USB设备,如果该值为0呢?看上边:
就在第二个结构体usb_interface_descriptor中:
- include/uapi/linux/usb/ch9.h
- struct usb_interface_descriptor {
- __u8 bInterfaceClass;
- __u8 bInterfaceSubClass;
- __u8 bInterfaceProtocol;
- } __attribute__ ((packed));
bInterfaceClass成员即是。
比如,对于USB打印机设备,定义如下:
- include/uapi/linux/usb/ch9.h
-
-
-
-
-
- #define USB_CLASS_PER_INTERFACE 0 /* for DeviceClass */
- #define USB_CLASS_AUDIO 1
- #define USB_CLASS_COMM 2
- #define USB_CLASS_HID 3
- #define USB_CLASS_PHYSICAL 5
- #define USB_CLASS_STILL_IMAGE 6
- #define USB_CLASS_PRINTER 7
- #define USB_CLASS_MASS_STORAGE 8
- #define USB_CLASS_HUB 9
- #define USB_CLASS_CDC_DATA 0x0a
- #define USB_CLASS_CSCID 0x0b /* chip+ smart card */
- #define USB_CLASS_CONTENT_SEC 0x0d /* content security */
- #define USB_CLASS_VIDEO 0x0e
- #define USB_CLASS_WIRELESS_CONTROLLER 0xe0
- #define USB_CLASS_MISC 0xef
- #define USB_CLASS_APP_SPEC 0xfe
- #define USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC 0xff
-
- drivers/usb/gadget/printer.c
- static struct usb_interface_descriptor intf_desc = {
- .bLength = sizeof intf_desc,
- .bDescriptorType = USB_DT_INTERFACE,
- .bNumEndpoints = 2,
- .bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_PRINTER,
- .bInterfaceSubClass = 1,
- .bInterfaceProtocol = 2,
- .iInterface = 0
- };
对上了,不是?!
四、HAL层和Framework层
HAL层的usbhost.c文件为我们获取Linux driver中USB设备的信息提供了便利,除了USB设备类型,还可以得到USB设备的厂商名称、产品名称、序列号等:
system/core/libusbhost/usbhost.c
usbhost.c该文件中提供的方法在JNI中调用:
frameworks/base/services/jni/com_android_server_UsbHostManager.cpp
上面代码截图信息量很大!很重要!很重要!很重要!很重要!重要的地方说四遍。
1、调用usbhost.c文件中方法获取USB设备信息
2、获取的信息一部分传到UsbInterface.Java,APP部分调用UsbInterface类获取信息
- frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware/usb/UsbInterface.java
- public class UsbInterface implements Parcelable {
- private final int mId;
- private final int mClass;
- private final int mSubclass;
- private final int mProtocol;
- private final Parcelable[] mEndpoints;
- }
3、
获取的信息另一部分通过调用
UsbHostManager.java中的usbDeviceAdded()方法,把信息写到
UsbDevice.java中,
APP部分调用UsbDevice类获取信息
- frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware/usb/UsbDevice.java
- public class UsbDevice implements Parcelable {
- private final String mName;
- private final int mVendorId;
- private final int mProductId;
- private final int mClass;
- private final int mSubclass;
- private final int mProtocol;
- private final Parcelable[] mInterfaces;
- }
接下来,我们就看下如此关键的
usbDeviceAdded()方法:
- frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/usb/UsbHostManager.java
-
- private void usbDeviceAdded(String deviceName, int vendorID, int productID,
- int deviceClass, int deviceSubclass, int deviceProtocol,
-
-
- int[] interfaceValues,
-
-
- int[] endpointValues) {
- synchronized (mLock) {
- for (intf = 0; intf < numInterfaces; intf++) {
- int interfaceId = interfaceValues[ival++];
- int interfaceClass = interfaceValues[ival++];
- int interfaceSubclass = interfaceValues[ival++];
- int interfaceProtocol = interfaceValues[ival++];
- int numEndpoints = interfaceValues[ival++];
- interfaces[intf] = new UsbInterface(interfaceId, interfaceClass,
- interfaceSubclass, interfaceProtocol, endpoints);
- }
- UsbDevice device = new UsbDevice(deviceName, vendorID, productID,
- deviceClass, deviceSubclass, deviceProtocol, interfaces);
- mDevices.put(deviceName, device);
- }
- }
五、APP层
经过上面分析,获取USB设备类型等信息,已经心有成竹了,使用UsbDevice、UsbInterface两个类即可。其中,
UsbInterface类是包含在
UsbDevice类中的:
- frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware/usb/UsbDevice.java
- public class UsbDevice implements Parcelable {
- private final Parcelable[] mInterfaces;
-
-
-
-
-
-
- public UsbInterface getInterface(int index) {
- return (UsbInterface)mInterfaces[index];
- }
- }
之后,就是如何使用UsbDevice类了。
USB设备属于热插拔设备,一旦系统监测到其热插拔时间,会有相应事件上报:
- frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware/usb/UsbManager.java
-
-
-
- public static final String ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED =
- "android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED";
-
-
-
-
- public static final String ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED =
- "android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_DETACHED";
所以,注册监听事件的广播即可,如:
- class UsbDeviceEventReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
- @Override
- public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
- UsbDevice device = (UsbDevice)intent.getParcelableExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_DEVICE);
- }
- }
-
- mReceiver = new UsbDeviceEventReceiver();
- IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
- filter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED);
- filter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED);
- registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);
六、结束
Android流程:driver->HAL->Framework->APP,几乎所有模块都是这个模式,对于一个外设,如果这几个部分都清楚的话心里会特别明亮。