SparkSQL 之内置函数之时间日期类

一、获取当前时间

1. current_date获取当前日期
   2018-04-09

2. current_timestamp/now()获取当前时间
   2018-04-09 15:20:49.247

二、从日期时间中提取字段

1. year,month,day/dayofmonth,hour,minute,second
   Examples:

	> SELECT day('2009-07-30');
     30

2. dayofweek (1 = Sunday, 2 = Monday, …, 7 = Saturday),dayofyear
   Examples:

 	> SELECT dayofweek('2009-07-30');　　
     5

3. weekofyear
   weekofyear(date) - Returns the week of the year of the given date. A week is considered to start on a Monday and week 1 is the first week with >3 days.
   Examples:

	> SELECT weekofyear('2008-02-20');　　
 	 8

4. trunc截取某部分的日期，其他部分默认为01
   第二个参数 [“year”, “yyyy”, “yy”, “mon”, “month”, “mm”]
   Examples:

	> SELECT trunc('2009-02-12', 'MM');
	 2009-02-01
	> SELECT trunc('2015-10-27', 'YEAR');
	 2015-01-01

5. date_trunc [“YEAR”, “YYYY”, “YY”, “MON”, “MONTH”, “MM”, “DAY”, “DD”, “HOUR”, “MINUTE”, “SECOND”, “WEEK”, “QUARTER”]
   Examples:

	> SELECT date_trunc('2015-03-05T09:32:05.359', 'HOUR');　　
	 2015-03-05T09:00:00

6. date_format将时间转化为某种格式的字符串
   Examples:

	> SELECT date_format('2016-04-08', 'y');　　　　
	 2016

三、日期时间转换

1. unix_timestamp返回当前时间的unix时间戳
   Examples:

	> SELECT unix_timestamp();　　1476884637
	> SELECT unix_timestamp('2016-04-08', 'yyyy-MM-dd');　　 1460041200

2. from_unixtime将时间戳换算成当前时间，to_unix_timestamp将时间转化为时间戳
   Examples:

	> SELECT from_unixtime(0, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss');　　1970-01-01 00:00:00
	> SELECT to_unix_timestamp('2016-04-08', 'yyyy-MM-dd');　　1460041200

3. to_date/date将字符串转化为日期格式，to_timestamp（Since: 2.2.0）

	> SELECT to_date('2009-07-30 04:17:52');　　2009-07-30
	> SELECT to_date('2016-12-31', 'yyyy-MM-dd');　　 2016-12-31
	> SELECT to_timestamp('2016-12-31 00:12:00');　　 2016-12-31 00:12:00

4. quarter 将1年4等分(range 1 to 4)
   Examples:

	> SELECT quarter('2016-08-31'); 
	 3

四、日期、时间计算

1. months_between两个日期之间的月数
   months_between(timestamp1, timestamp2) - Returns number of months between timestamp1 and timestamp2.
   Examples:

	> SELECT months_between('1997-02-28 10:30:00', '1996-10-30');　　
	3.94959677

2. add_months返回日期后n个月后的日期
   Examples:

	> SELECT add_months('2016-08-31', 1);　　
	2016-09-30

3. last_day(date),next_day(start_date, day_of_week)
   Examples:

	> SELECT last_day('2009-01-12');　　2009-01-31
	> SELECT next_day('2015-01-14', 'TU');　　2015-01-20

4. date_add,date_sub(减)
   date_add(start_date, num_days) - Returns the date that is num_days after start_date.
   Examples:

	> SELECT date_add('2016-07-30', 1);　　2016-07-31

5. datediff（两个日期间的天数）
   datediff(endDate, startDate) - Returns the number of days from startDate to endDate.
   Examples:

	> SELECT datediff('2009-07-31', '2009-07-30');
	 1

6. 关于UTC时间

• to_utc_timestamp
  to_utc_timestamp(timestamp, timezone) - Given a timestamp like ‘2017-07-14 02:40:00.0’, interprets it as a time in the given time zone, and renders that time as a timestamp in UTC. For example, ‘GMT+1’ would yield ‘2017-07-14 01:40:00.0’.
  Examples:

	> SELECT to_utc_timestamp('2016-08-31', 'Asia/Seoul');　　
	2016-08-30 15:00:00

• from_utc_timestamp
  from_utc_timestamp(timestamp, timezone) - Given a timestamp like ‘2017-07-14 02:40:00.0’, interprets it as a time in UTC, and renders that time as a timestamp in the given time zone. For example, ‘GMT+1’ would yield ‘2017-07-14 03:40:00.0’.
  Examples:

	> SELECT from_utc_timestamp('2016-08-31', 'Asia/Seoul');　　
	2016-08-31 09:00:00

转载自：http://www.cnblogs.com/feiyumo/p/8760846.html