注意:要素类只有透明度有用(ILayerEffects)

//透明度
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //对栅格数据实现透明度
            IRasterLayer lyr = axMapControl1.Map.get_Layer(0) as IRasterLayer;
            ILayerEffects ef = lyr as ILayerEffects;
            ef.Transparency = 60;
            axMapControl1.Refresh();
            /*
            IFeatureLayer lyr = axMapControl1.Map.get_Layer(0) as IFeatureLayer;
            ILayerEffects ef = lyr as ILayerEffects;
            ef.Transparency = 60;
            axMapControl1.Refresh();
             * */
        }
        //亮度
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            IRasterLayer lyr = axMapControl1.Map.get_Layer(0) as IRasterLayer;
            ILayerEffects ef = lyr as ILayerEffects;
            ef.Brightness = 20;//亮度
            axMapControl1.Refresh();
        }
        //对比度
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            IRasterLayer lyr = axMapControl1.Map.get_Layer(0) as IRasterLayer;
            ILayerEffects ef = lyr as ILayerEffects;
            ef.Contrast = 33;//对比度
            axMapControl1.Refresh();
        }