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//#include <Windows.h> #include <string> #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <vector> #include "winsock2.h" #include <time.h> #include <queue> #include <hash_set> #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") using namespace std; #define DEFAULT_PAGE_BUF_SIZE 1048576 queue<string> hrefUrl; hash_set<string> visitedUrl; hash_set<string> visitedImg; int depth=0; int g_ImgCnt=1; //解析URL,解析出主机名,资源名 bool ParseURL(const string &url, string &host, string &resource) { if(strlen(url.c_str()) > 2000) { return false; } const char *pos=strstr(url.c_str(),"http://"); if( pos==NULL ) pos = url.c_str(); else pos += strlen("http://"); if( strstr( pos, "/")==0 ) return false; char pHost[100]; char pResource[2000]; sscanf( pos, "%[^/]%s", pHost, pResource ); host = pHost; resource = pResource; return true; } //使用Get请求,得到响应 bool GetHttpResponse(const string &url, char *&response,int &bytesRead) { string host, resource; if(!ParseURL( url, host, resource )) { cout << "Can not parse the url"<<endl; return false; } //建立socket struct hostent *hp=gethostbyname(host.c_str()); if( hp==NULL ) { cout<< "Can not find host address"<<endl; return false; } SOCKET sock = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); if( sock == -1 || sock == -2 ) { cout << "Can not create sock."<<endl; return false; } //建立服务器地址 SOCKADDR_IN sa; sa.sin_family = AF_INET; sa.sin_port = htons( 80 ); //char addr[5]; //memcpy( addr, hp->h_addr, 4 ); //sa.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(hp->h_addr); memcpy( &sa.sin_addr, hp->h_addr, 4 ); //建立连接 if(0!=connect(sock,(SOCKADDR*)&sa,sizeof(sa))) { cout << "Can not connect: "<< url <<endl; closesocket(sock); return false; }; //准备发送数据 string request = "GET " + resource + " HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:" + host + "\r\nConnection:Close\r\n\r\n"; //发送数据 if(SOCKET_ERROR ==send(sock,request.c_str(), request.size(),0)) { cout << "send error" <<endl; closesocket( sock ); return false; } //接收数据 int m_nContentLength = DEFAULT_PAGE_BUF_SIZE; char *pageBuf = (char *)malloc(m_nContentLength); memset(pageBuf, 0, m_nContentLength); bytesRead = 0; int ret = 1; cout <<"Read: "; while(ret > 0) { ret = recv(sock, pageBuf + bytesRead, m_nContentLength - bytesRead, 0); if(ret > 0) { bytesRead += ret; } if( m_nContentLength - bytesRead<100) { cout << "\nRealloc memorry"<<endl; m_nContentLength *=2; //重新分配内存 pageBuf = (char*)realloc(pageBuf, m_nContentLength); } cout << ret <<" "; } cout <<endl; pageBuf[bytesRead] = '\0'; response = pageBuf; closesocket( sock ); return true; //cout<< response <<endl; } //提取所有的URL以及图片URL void HTMLParse (string &htmlResponse, vector<string> &imgurls, const string &host) { //找所有连接,加入queue中 const char *p= htmlResponse.c_str(); char *tag="href=\""; const char *pos = strstr( p, tag ); ofstream ofile("url.txt", ios::app); while( pos ) { pos +=strlen(tag); const char * nextQ = strstr( pos, "\"" ); if( nextQ ) { char * url = new char[ nextQ-pos+1 ]; //char url[100]; //固定大小的会发生缓冲区溢出的危险 sscanf( pos, "%[^\"]", url); // 转换成string类型,可以自动释放内存 string surl = url; if( visitedUrl.find( surl ) == visitedUrl.end()) { visitedUrl.insert( surl ); ofile << surl<<endl; hrefUrl.push( surl ); } pos = strstr(pos, tag ); delete [] url; // 释放掉申请的内存 } } ofile << endl << endl; ofile.close(); tag ="<img "; const char* att1= "src=\""; const char* att2="lazy-src=\""; const char *pos0 = strstr( p, tag ); while( pos0 ) { pos0 += strlen( tag ); const char* pos2 = strstr( pos0, att2 ); if( !pos2 || pos2 > strstr( pos0, ">") ) { pos = strstr( pos0, att1); if(!pos) { pos0 = strstr(att1, tag ); continue; } else { pos = pos + strlen(att1); } } else { pos = pos2 + strlen(att2); } const char * nextQ = strstr( pos, "\""); if( nextQ ) { char * url = new char[nextQ-pos+1]; sscanf( pos, "%[^\"]", url); cout << url<<endl; string imgUrl = url; if( visitedImg.find( imgUrl ) == visitedImg.end() ) { visitedImg.insert( imgUrl ); imgurls.push_back( imgUrl ); } pos0 = strstr(pos0, tag ); delete [] url; } } cout << "end of Parse this html"<<endl; } //把URL转化为文件名 string ToFileName( const string &url ) { string fileName; fileName.resize( url.size()); int k=0; for( int i=0; i<(int)url.size(); i++) { char ch = url[i]; if( ch!='\\'&&ch!='/'&&ch!=':'&&ch!='*' &&ch!='?'&&ch!='"'&&ch!='<' &&ch!='>'&&ch!='|') fileName[k++]=ch; } return fileName.substr(0,k) + ".txt"; } //下载图片到img文件夹 void DownLoadImg(vector<string> & imgurls, const string &url) { //生成保存该url下图片的文件夹 string foldname = ToFileName( url ); foldname = "./img/"+foldname; if(!CreateDirectory( foldname.c_str(),NULL )) cout << "Can not create directory:" << foldname<<endl; char *image; int byteRead; for( int i=0; i<imgurls.size(); i++) { //判断是否为图片,bmp,jgp,jpeg,gif string str = imgurls[i]; int pos = str.find_last_of("."); if( pos == string::npos ) continue; else { string ext=str.substr(pos+1, str.size()-pos-1); if( ext!="bmp"&& ext!="jpg" && ext!="jpeg"&& ext!="gif" &&ext!="png") continue; } //下载其中的内容 if( GetHttpResponse(imgurls[i], image, byteRead)) { if ( strlen(image) ==0 ) { continue; } const char *p=image; const char *pos=strstr(p,"\r\n\r\n") +strlen("\r\n\r\n"); int index=imgurls[i].find_last_of("/"); if( index!=string::npos ) { string imgname=imgurls[i].substr(index, imgurls[i].size()); ofstream ofile( foldname+imgname, ios::binary ); if( !ofile.is_open() ) continue; cout<<g_ImgCnt++ <<foldname+imgname<<endl; ofile.write(pos, byteRead-(pos-p)); ofile.close(); } free(image); } } } //广度遍历 void BFS( const string & url ) { char * response; int bytes; // 获取网页的相应,放入response中。 if(!GetHttpResponse( url, response, bytes)) { cout<< "The url is wrong! ignore."<<endl; return; } string httpResponse=response; free( response ); string filename = ToFileName( url ); ofstream ofile( "./html/"+filename ); if( ofile.is_open() ) { // 保存该网页的文本内容 ofile << httpResponse << endl; ofile.close(); } vector<string> imgurls; //解析该网页的所有图片链接,放入imgurls里面 HTMLParse(httpResponse, imgurls, url); //下载所有的图片资源 DownLoadImg( imgurls, url ); } void main() { //初始化socket,用于tcp网络连接 WSADATA wsaData; if( WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData) != 0 ) { return; } // 创建文件夹,保存图片和网页文本文件 CreateDirectory( "./img",0); CreateDirectory("./html",0); // 遍历的起始地址 string urlStart = "http://....balabala"; // 使用广度遍历 // 提取网页中的超链接放入hrefUrl中, //提取图片链接,下载图片。 BFS( urlStart ); // 访问过的网址保存起来 visitedUrl.insert( urlStart ); while( hrefUrl.size()!=0 ) { // 从队列的最开始取出一个网址 string url = hrefUrl.front(); cout << url << endl; BFS( url ); hrefUrl.pop(); } WSACleanup(); return; }
用c++编写网络爬虫
最新推荐文章于 2024-05-02 00:01:29 发布