oc 字符串操作

 /--------操作字符串--NSString(静态字符串)---------------------
     NSString *Beijing= @"北京欢迎您";        //字符串的声明
     NSString *log=@"北京欢迎您a"; //[NSString stringWithFormat:@"I am '%@'",Beijing];     //字符串格式化
     NSString *zhui = [Beijing stringByAppendingString:@"哈哈哈"];        //字符串追加
     bool b=[Beijing isEqualToString:log];                               //字符串比较
     NSString *hh = @"http://www.sina.com.cn";
     if([hh hasPrefix:@"http"]){                                          //查找以http开头的字符串
         NSLog(@"含有http");
     }else{
         NSLog(@"没有http");
     }
     NSString *ss = @"123";
     int a = [ss intValue]+13;                                   //字符串转int型
     double dd = [ss doubleValue]+33.3;                          //字符串转double型
     NSLog(@"%g",dd);
 //字符串转数组 
     NSString *zifuchuan =@"one,two,three,four";
     NSLog(@"string:%@",zifuchuan);
     NSArray *array = [zifuchuan componentsSeparatedByString:@","];
 //    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);                             //输出整个数组中所有元素 
     NSString *value = [array objectAtIndex:0];          //取出第0个元素
     NSLog(@"value:%@",value);
 //数组转字符串
     NSString * zifuchuan2 = [array componentsJoinedByString:@","];
     NSLog(@"zifuchuan2:%@",zifuchuan2);
        
 //-substringToIndex: 从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置，但不包括该位置的字符
 NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
 NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3];
 NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);


 //-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置开始（包括指定位置的字符），并包括之后的全部字符
 NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
 NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3];
 NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);


 //-substringWithRange: //按照所给出的位置，长度，任意地从字符串中截取子串
 NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
 NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];
 NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);


 //--------操作动态字符串--NSMutableString----------------------------------------------------
     NSMutableString *mstr = [[NSMutableString alloc] init];
     NSString *str1 = @"This is a example.";
     //创建可变字符串
     mstr = [NSMutableString stringWithString:str1];
     //插入字符
     [mstr insertString:@"very easy " atIndex:10];
     //删除一些字符
     [mstr deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(10,5)];
     //查找并删除
     NSRange substr = [mstr rangeOfString:@"example"];             //字符串查找,可以判断字符串中是否有
     if (substr.location != NSNotFound) {
         [mstr deleteCharactersInRange:substr];
     }
     //重新设置字符串
     [mstr setString:@"This is string AAA"];
     //替换字符串
     [mstr replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(15, 2) withString:@"BBB"];   //从第15个字符串处替换掉后2个字符串
    
     //查找第一个并替换
     NSString *search = @"This is";
     NSString *replace = @"An example of";
     substr = [mstr rangeOfString:search];
     if (substr.location != NSNotFound) {
         [mstr replaceCharactersInRange:substr withString:replace];      //把第1个遇到的substr替换为replace
         NSLog(@"%@",mstr);
     }
    
     //查找全部匹配的，并替换
     search = @"a";
     replace = @"X";
     substr = [mstr rangeOfString:search];
     while (substr.location != NSNotFound) {
         [mstr replaceCharactersInRange:substr withString:replace];
         substr = [mstr rangeOfString:search];
     }
     NSLog(@"%@",mstr);