Django 了解模板你就理解了前后端交互

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-28 10:59:09 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-28 10:59:09 发布

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分类专栏： Django 文章标签： python

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/a1309525802/article/details/108078442

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Django 模板语言

视图函数
设置
路由
html目录

视图函数

views.py

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render

# Django的基本使用
def hello(request):
    return HttpResponse("hello world")
# Django中re_path基本使用
def person_select_id(request):
    return HttpResponse("person_select_id.....")
class Person:
    def __init__(self,name,age):
        self.name=name
        self.age=age
    def GetName(self):
        return self.name
    def GetAge(self):
        return self.age
#django变量基本用法
def index(request):
    name="张三"
    hobbys=["打篮球","看电视","分享小视频"]
    address={"province":"广东省","city":"广州市"}
    person=Person(name,20)
    return render(request,"index.html",locals())
#django循环体基本用法
def index2(request):
    msg = "<h1 style='color:red'>我是隔壁的老王</h1>"
    msg2 = "i AM chinese"

    person_list = [
        {"id": 1234, "name": "老王1", "age": 33},
        {"id": 12, "name": "老王2", "age": 33},
        {"id": 333, "name": "老王3", "age": 33},
        {"id": 5555, "name": "老王4", "age": 33},
        {"id": 5, "name": "老王5", "age": 33}
    ]
    return render(request,"index2.html",locals())
#Django过滤器
def index3(request):
    name = "张三"
    hobbys = ["打篮球", "看电视", "分享小视频"]
    age=18
    js="""
    <script>
        alert("你好啊")
    </script>
    """
    return render(request,"index3.html",locals())
# 页面继承
def news(request):
    return render(request,"news.html")

设置

settings.py

#新加
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),
)
#设置上传文件的位置
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/img")

路由

urls.py

"""Python_Django URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import *

from Python_Django.views import *

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('Lg/',hello),
    re_path(r'person\w+/',person_select_id),
    path('index/',index),
    path('index2/',index2),
    path('index3/',index3),
    path('news/', news),
]

html目录

templates/index.html

{% load static %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>我的名字是{{ person.name }}</p>
<p>我的年龄是{{ person.age }}岁</p>
<p>我的爱好:
{% for hobby in hobbys %}
{{ hobby }}
{% endfor %}
</p>
<p>我的地址是:{{ address.province }}{{ address.city }}</p>
<img src="{%static 'img/xiaocaiqi.jpg'%}">
</body>
</html>

在这里插入图片描述

templates/index2.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>django循环体基本用法</title>
</head>
<body>
<table width="400" border="1">
    <tr><td>编号</td><td>姓名</td><td>年龄</td></tr>
    {% for person in person_list %}
        {#forloop表示for循环了几次,从1开始计数  forloop|divisibleby:2将奇数进行特别处理      #}
        {% if forloop.counter|divisibleby:2 %}
            <tr>
        {% else %}
            <tr style="background-color: red;color: white">
        {% endif %}
    <td>{{forloop.counter }}</td>
    <td>{{person.name }}</td>
    <td>{{person.age }}</td>
    </tr>
    {% endfor %}
</table>
</body>
</html>

在这里插入图片描述

templates/index3.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>过滤器</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>我的名字是{{ person.name }}</p>
<p>我的年龄是{{ person.age }}岁</p>
<p>我的爱好:
{% for hobby in hobbys %}
{{ hobby }}
{% endfor %}
</p>
<h1>默认值</h1>
{{ name|default:"不存在该变量" }}
{{ name2|default:"不存在该变量" }}
<h1>统计长度</h1>
<p>名字的长度:{{ name|length }}</p>
<p>爱好的长度:{{ hobbys|length }}</p>
<h1>切片</h1>
<p>{{ name|slice:"0:1" }}</p>
<p>{{ hobbys|slice:"0:2" }}</p>
<h1>执行js</h1>
{{ js }}
{{ js|safe }}
</body>
</html>

在这里插入图片描述

继承

templates/base.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>{% block title %}{% endblock %}</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div style="height: 100px;background-color: bisque">
        头部
    </div>
    <div style="height: 1000px;background-color: aliceblue">
        <div style="height: 1000px;width: 20%;float: left;background-color: beige">
            <ul>
                <li><a href="#">链接1</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">链接2</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">链接3</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">链接4</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
        <div style="height: 1000px;width: 80%;float: left">
            {% block right %}{% endblock %}
        </div>
    </div>
{#    {% include "footer.html" %}#}
</body>
</html>

templates/news.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}用户管理{% endblock %}
{% block right %}
    用户管理详情...
{% endblock %}

在这里插入图片描述

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Django 了解模板你就理解了前后端交互

Django 模板语言视图函数设置路由html目录templates/index.htmltemplates/index2.htmltemplates/index3.html继承templates/base.htmltemplates/news.html视图函数views.pyfrom django.shortcuts import HttpResponsefrom django.shortcuts import render# Django的基本使用def hello(request):
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