利用线性回归算法拟合直线

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
    案例：线性回归
    任务：通过线性回归算法对随机出来的点进行拟合直线
"""

import matplotlib.pylab as plt
from sklearn.datasets import make_regression
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression

# 初始化数据样本
X, y = make_regression(n_samples=100, n_features=1,
                       n_informative=1, bias=150,
                       noise=30, random_state=0)

# 可视化数据
plt.figure()
plt.title("Sample regression problem with one input variable")
plt.scatter(X, y, marker='o', s=50)
plt.savefig('./output/random_data.png')
plt.show()

# 对数据进行训练
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y,  random_state=0)
LR = LinearRegression()
LR.fit(X_train, y_train)
print("线性回归模型的系数(w)：{}".format(LR.coef_))
print("线性回归模型的偏置(b)：{}".format(LR.intercept_))
print("训练集中的R-squared得分：{}".format(LR.score(X_train, y_train)))
print("测试集中的R-squared得分：{}".format(LR.score(X_test, y_test)))

# 可视化输出结果
plt.figure(figsize=(5, 4))
plt.scatter(X, y, marker='o', s=50, alpha=0.8)
plt.plot(X, LR.coef_ * X + LR.intercept_, 'r-')
plt.title('Least-squares linear regression')
plt.xlabel('Feature value(x)')
plt.ylabel('Target value(y)')
plt.savefig('./output/input.png')
plt.show()