RabbitMQ：基于死信交换机实现消息延迟发送

1、消息接收类

package cn.itcast.mq.listener;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Slf4j
@Component
public class SpringRabbitListener {

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name = "dl.ttl.queue",declare = "true"),
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "dl.ttl.direct"),
            key = "ttl"
    ))
    public void listenDlQueue(String msg) {
        log.info("接收到延迟消息：{}", msg);
    }

}

2、声明交换机

package cn.itcast.mq.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class CommonConfig {

    //声明指定死信交换机
    @Bean
    public Queue ttlQueue(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable("ttl.queue") // 指定队列名称，并持久化
                .ttl(10000) // 设置队列的超时时间，10秒
                .deadLetterExchange("dl.ttl.direct") // 指定死信交换机
                .build();
    }

    //声明交换机
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange ttlExchange(){
        return new DirectExchange("ttl.direct");
    }

    //绑定队列
    @Bean
    public Binding ttlBinding(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(ttlQueue()).to(ttlExchange()).with("ttl");
    }

}

3、生产者发送消息

package cn.itcast.mq.spring;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.UUID;

@Slf4j
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringAmqpTest {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testSendMessage2SimpleQueue() throws InterruptedException {
        // 创建消息
        Message message = MessageBuilder
                .withBody("hello, ttl message".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))
                .setExpiration("5000")
                .build();
        // 消息ID，需要封装到CorrelationData中
        CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        // 发送消息
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("ttl.direct", "ttl", message, correlationData);
        log.debug("发送消息成功");
    }
}