媒体结构（AM_MEDIA_TYPE structure）摘自MSDN

The AM_MEDIA_TYPE structure describes the format of a media sample.

• 头文件

Header	Strmif.h (include Dshow.h)

• Syntax

typedef struct _MediaType {
      GUID     majortype;
      GUID     subtype;
      BOOL     bFixedSizeSamples;
      BOOL     bTemporalCompression;
      ULONG    lSampleSize;
      GUID     formattype;
      IUnknown *pUnk;
      ULONG    cbFormat;
      BYTE     *pbFormat;
    } AM_MEDIA_TYPE;

---

• Members
  
  • majortype
    主类型：Globally unique identifier (GUID) that specifies the major type of the media sample.
  • subtype
    辅助说明类型：GUID that specifies the subtype of the media sample.For some formats, the value might be MEDIASUBTYPE_None, which means the format does not require a subtype.
  • bFixedSizeSamples （可选参数）
    If TRUE, samples are of a fixed size. This field is informational only. For audio, it is generally set to TRUE. For video, it is usually TRUE for uncompressed video and FALSE for compressed video.
  • bTemporalCompression （可选参数）
    If TRUE, samples are compressed using temporal (interframe) compression. A value of TRUE indicates that not all frames are key frames. This field is informational only.
  • lSampleSize （可选参数）
    Size of the sample in bytes. For compressed data, the value can be zero.
  • formattype
    GUID that specifies the structure used for the format block. The pbFormat member points to the corresponding format structure. Format types include the following:
  • pUnk （未用）Set to NULL.
  • cbFormat
    Size of the format block, in bytes.
  • pbFormat
    Pointer to the format block. The structure type is specified by the formattype member. The format structure must be present, unless formattype is GUID_NULL or FORMAT_None.The pbFormat buffer must be allocated by calling CoTaskMemAlloc. To release the format block, call FreeMediaType.

---

majortype
MEDIATYPE_Video	纯视频（数字）
MEDIATYPE_Audio	纯音频（数字）
MEDIATYPE_AnalogVideo	模拟视频，一般是视频采集卡输入的数据类型
MEDIATYPE_AnalogAudio	模拟音频，一般是声卡采集输入的数据类型
MEDIATYPE_Text	文字
MEDIATYPE_Midi	Midi音乐
MEDIATYPE_Stream	字节流，如（Pull模式）文件源的输出数据类型
…	…

---

subtype
MEDIASUBTYPE_YUY2	各种YUV格式
MEDIASUBTYPE_YVYU
MEDIASUBTYPE_YUYV
MEDIASUBTYPE_UYVY
MEDIASUBTYPE_YVU9
MEDIASUBTYPE_Y411
MEDIASUBTYPE_RGB4	各种RGB模式
MEDIASUBTYPE_RGB4
MEDIASUBTYPE_RGB8
MEDIASUBTYPE_RGB565
MEDIASUBTYPE_RGB555
MEDIASUBTYPE_RGB24
MEDIASUBTYPE_RGB32
…	…

---

Format type	Format structure
FORMAT_DvInfo	DVINFO
FORMAT_MPEG2Video	MPEG2VIDEOINFO
FORMAT_MPEGStreams	AM_MPEGSYSTEMTYPE
FORMAT_MPEGVideo	MPEG1VIDEOINFO
FORMAT_None	None.
FORMAT_VideoInfo	VIDEOINFOHEADER
FORMAT_VideoInfo2	VIDEOINFOHEADER2
FORMAT_WaveFormatEx	WAVEFORMATEX
GUID_NULL	None

//directshow指南
当使用一个AM_MEDIA_TYPE数据结构描述媒体类型时，如果majortype、subtype和formattype都指定了一个特定的GUID值，那么称这种媒体类型为“完全指定的媒体类型”；这3个部分只要有一个指定为GUID_NULL,则称为“不完全指定的媒体类型”。GUID_NULL具有通配符的作用。
另外，为了方便使用，DirectShow提供了另一个C++类CMediaType（mtype.cpp）来操作媒体类型。该类从AM_MEDIA_TYPE数据结构中public派生出来。