1. 数据库服务器字符集 SELECT NLS_CHARACTERSET FROM NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS;其来源于props$
2. 客户端字符集环境设置select * from nls_instance_parameters, 其来源于V$parameter
3. 会话字符集环境select * from nls_session_parameter, 其来源于v$nls_parameters
4. 如果多个设置并存的时候,alter session>环境变量>注册表>参数文件
5. 查看Oracle数据库字符集: select userenv(‘language’) from dual;
6. 修改字符集:
(1). shutdown immediate
(2). startup mount exclusive;
(3). alter system enable restricted session;
(4). alter system set job_queue_processes=0;
(5). alter system set aq_tm_processes=0;
(6). alter database open;
(7). alter database national character set UTF8;
(8). shutdown immediate;
(9). startup;
7. 当出现错误提示ORA-12717时:利用INTERNAL_USE关键字修改区域设置
(1). shutdown immediate
(2). startup mount exclusive;
(3). alter system enable restricted session;
(4). alter system set job_queue_processes=0;
(5). alter system set aq_tm_processes=0;
(6). alter database open;
(7). alter database national character set internal_use UTF8;
(8). shutdown immediate;
(9). startup;